液压支架拖梁顶梁千斤顶液压支柱和液压系统理论详讲毕业设计论文.doc

液压支架拖梁顶梁千斤顶液压支柱和液压系统理论详讲毕业设计论文 摘　要 采煤综合机械化，是加快我国煤炭工业发展速度，大幅度提高劳动生产率，实现煤炭工业现代化的一项重要战略措施。综合机械化不仅产量大，效率高，成本低，而且能减轻笨重的体力劳动，改善作业环境，是煤炭工业技术的发展方向。而液压支架则是综合机械化采煤方法中最重要的设备之一。 本文设计的悬移式液压支架主要由以下几个基本部分组成顶梁、推移托梁、伸缩千斤顶、推移千斤顶、液压支柱、内缩梁、挡矸装置、及液压系统。设计要遵循支护性能好、强度高、移架速度快、安全可靠等原则。 在悬移式式液压支架的设计过程中，拖梁、顶梁、和千斤顶、支柱等结构件的设计是重点。该论文介绍了液压支架的结构、类型、工作原理、特点、目的及受力分析，对悬移式式液压支架作了详细的介绍和分析，论述了该支架的设计方案和基本用途。 关键词：液压支架 拖梁 顶梁 千斤顶 液压支柱 液压系统 Abstract The comprehensive mechanization of coal mining is the acceleration coal industrial development of our country , raises labor productivity substantially , realizes the modern a strategic measure of coal industry. Synthesize mechanization not only output big, efficiency has low cost high and can alleviate heavy physical labor and improvement schoolwork environment, is the technology of coal industry develop direction. Hydraulic support is the one of comprehensive most important equipment in the mechanization method of coal mining. Hydraulic support major from some following basically partial compositions: Top beam, screens beam and 4 linkage mechanisms, side fender, base, prop. Design to follow protect performance good, strength is speed high, move rapid, safely reliable etc. principle. In the design course that the type of supports cover type, the design of canopy and caving shield and props is key. This paper has introduced requirement, type, working principle, characteristic, purpose and the structure of hydraulic support, for screening type hydraulic pressure support have made detailed analysis and introduction, have narrated use and the scheme of this kind of support. Keyword: Hydraulic support、 Drag beam、 Roof Beam、 Jack、 Hydraulic prop、 Hydraulic system 1液压支架概述 1.1液压支架的分类 1.1.1按支架和围岩的相互作用分类 （1）支撑悬移式支架: 图1-1是一种支撑式支架,它有较长的顶梁,较多的支柱,并呈垂直布置,支架的稳定性由支柱的复位机构来保证,因此有坚固的箱式底座。它靠支柱与顶梁的支撑作用，控制工作面的顶板，维护工作空间，而顶板岩石则在顶梁后部切断垮落。这种类型的支架具有较大的支撑能力和良好的切顶性能，因此适用于顶板坚硬完整，周期压力明显或强烈、底板也较硬的煤层中。 图1-1支撑式液压支架结构 1-顶梁；2-前梁；3-立柱；4-控制阀；5-推移装置；6-底座 （2）掩护式液压支架: 图1-2是掩护式支架中结构之一，它的顶梁较短，支柱一