传感器与成像原理详解.ppt

* 陆地卫星系统 从1958年以来，美国国家宇航局NASA (National Aviation and Space Administration) 发射了水星、双子星等宇宙飞船以及Apollo载人飞船，拍摄了大量地表照片，提供了从宇宙空间探测分析和研究地球资源环境的可能性。 陆地卫星系列主要是指地面分辨率较高的以监测地球资源环境为主要目的的遥感系统。主要有 Landsat: 1972年7月第1颗，到目前已经发射7颗卫星，其中Landsat5为1984年发射，目前仍然在使用，Landsat6发射后不成功，Landsat7为1999年4月发射，目前已经不行了。有一个热红外波段。 SPOT，地球观测卫星，主要由法国研制和发射，瑞典、比利时等国参加，1986年发射第1颗，到目前共发射4颗。没有热红外波段。 * The Landsat Project of USGS is the longest-running enterprise for acquisition of moderate resolution imagery of the Earth from space. The Landsat 1 satellite was launched in 1972; the most recent, Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+), was launched in April 1999. The instruments on the Landsat satellites have acquired millions of images. These images form a unique resource for applications in agriculture, geology, forestry, regional planning, education, mapping, and global change research. the Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+), Band 1: 0.45 - 0.52, Blue-Green, 30 Band 2: 0.52 - 0.60, Green, 30 Band 3: 0.63 - 0.69, Red, 30 Band 4: 0.76 - 0.90, Near IR, 30 Band 5: 1.55 - 1.75, Mid-IR, 30 Band 6: 10.40 - 12.50, T IR, 120 /60m Band 7: 2.08 - 2.35, Mid-IR, 30m Panchromatic band: 0.52-0.9, 15m TM: Thematic Mapper ETM+: Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus Swath width: 185 kilometers Repeat coverage interval:16 days (233 orbits) Altitude:705 kilometers Quantization:Best 8 of 9 bits On-board data storage:~375 Gb (solid state) Inclination:Sun-synchronous, 98.2 degrees Equatorial crossing:Descending node; 10:00am +/- 15min. Launch vehicle:Delta II Launch date:April 1999 Landsat 7 ETM+ Landsat TM /ETM * 陵县 德州 马 颊 河 山东省陵县地区的Landsat TM 图像: 假彩色合成：Landsat 5 TM, RGB432, 1998.8.21.10:35 真彩色合成：RGB321 * 陵县 德州 0 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.8 ?0.8 0 Figure 4. Vegetation cover rate of the area. * 长 江 上 海 Landsat Thematic Mapper Image of Shanghai: Feb., 1998, RGB542 The shortwave infrared (TM band 5), infrared (TM band 4), and visible green (TM band 2) channels are displayed in the images as red, green, and blue respecti