毕业设计++陶瓷座便器烧成工艺过程缺陷分析研究.doc

唐 山 学 院 毕 业 设 计 设计题目：陶瓷座便器烧成工艺过程缺陷分析研究 系 别： 班 级： 姓　 　名： 指 导 教 师： 2006年6月10日陶瓷座便器烧成工艺过程缺陷分析研究 摘 要 烧成车间是卫生陶瓷厂最为重要的车间之一。窑炉内的三个制度：温度制度、气氛制度、和压力制度，其中之一出现变化或是异常，都会给陶瓷制品带来不同的缺陷。在窑炉内，由于装车密度的不同、顶车速度的变化，窑内风量的变化，直接影响到窑炉内的压力变化、温度曲线的不同、气氛的变化等一系列变化，引起制品的变形、开裂、烧泡、风惊、生货、桔釉、窑脏、烟熏等一系列的缺陷。为了尽量避免这些缺陷的产生，座便器坯体入窑含水率控制2%以下，顶车速度控制在22min/辆，窑车装载量为座便器4～6件/车，面盆8～12件/车为宜，预热带500～600℃之间减缓升温速率，烧成带最高温度在1171～1173℃之间，冷却带温度在750～491℃应缓慢降温，窑炉内燃气和风的比例控制在12:8，并定期清理烧嘴。通过合理的控制燃烧操作、排烟量、冷热风量、烧成时间和装窑方式等参数来控制窑炉内的三个制度，使彼此平衡。 关键词：座便器 烧成工艺 缺陷  Ceramic implement forming process of defect analysis Abstract Firing ceramics factory shop is a health one of the most important workshop.Furnace within the three systems: the system temperature, the atmosphere system, and pressure systems, one of which changes, or abnormal, will be brought to the ceramics of different defects. These three systems are interrelated, affect each other. In the furnace, due to different loading density, the top vehicle speed changes, changes in air flow kiln, directly affects the pressure inside the furnace, the temperature curves of different series of changes in climate change, caused by products distortion, cracking, burning bulbs, wind shock, raw goods, orange glazes, kiln dirt, smoke and a series of defects. In order to avoid these defects, implement the kiln body moisture control under 2%, top speed control in 22min/car, kiln car loading capacity to implement 4 ~ 6 pieces/car, 8-12 / basin, it is advisable that car gets between 500-600 ° c tropical slow rate of temperature, maximum temperature in the calcining zone between 1171 ~ 1173 degrees Celsius, cooling temperature at 750-491 degrees should slow cooling, kiln gas and wind control in proportion, and regular cleaning in such burners. Through the reasonable control operation, burning hot air exhaust quantity, time and burned, the way to control parameters such as kiln within the kiln s