数值天气预报（Numerical weather forecast）.doc

数值天气预报（Numerical weather forecast） Numerical weather forecast Numerical weather prediction According to the actual circumstance of the atmosphere, in a certain initial and boundary value conditions through the large computer numerical calculation, solving describing the weather evolution equations of fluid mechanics and thermodynamics, a certain period of atmospheric motion and to predict the future weather phenomenon. Numerical weather prediction and classic method in weather forecast, it is a quantitative and objective forecast, because of this, numerical weather prediction is the first requirement for a better reflect the forecast time (short-term, medium-term) numerical forecast model and the error is smaller, the calculation method of relative operation stable and fast. Secondly, as a result of numerical weather prediction to use a variety of means (conventional observation, radar, Marine observation, satellite observations, etc.) for meteorological data, therefore, must be properly to make the adjustment of the meteorological data, processing, and objective analysis. Third, since numerical weather forecasts are so much data that it is difficult to use manual or small computers, there must be large computers. For more than 30 countries and regions all over the world the numerical weather prediction as the main method of making the daily weather forecast, in addition to many countries and regions to make 1 ~ 2 days of short-term numerical weather prediction, also produced about a weeks mid-term numerical weather prediction. China started groping for numerical weather prediction in 1955, started in 1959 on the computer to carry on the numerical weather prediction, in 1969 the national weather service official launch short-term numerical weather prediction, then gradually improve the numerical prediction model and implements the data input, mapping, analysis and forecast the output of automation. Currently, in addition to the daily short-term numerical weather for