战略管理和竞争-英文版.ppt

* I/O Model of Above-Average Returns Industrial Organization Model The External Environment An Attractive Industry Strategy Formulation Assets and Skills Strategy Implementation Superior Returns Superior returns: earning of above-average returns * The Resource-Based model suggests that above-average returns for any firm are largely determined by characteristics inside the firm. This model focuses on developing or obtaining valuable resources and capabilities which are difficult or impossible for rivals to imitate. Resource-based Model of Above Average Returns * The Resource Based Model Each firm is a collection of unique resources that are the source of firm returns Over time firms acquire different resources and develop unique capabilities Resources may not be highly mobile across firms within an industry * 1. Strategy dictated by unique resources and capabilities of the firm (what can the firm do best?) 2. Find an environment in which to exploit these assets (where are the best opportunities?) Resource-based Model of Above Average Returns 1. Firm’s Resources * 1. Identify the firm’s resources-- strengths and weaknesses compared with competitors Resources: inputs into a firm’s production process Resource-based Model of Above Average Returns Resource-based Model Resources * 2. Determine the firm’s capabilities--what it can do better than its competitors Capability: capacity of an integrated set of resources to integratively perform a task or activity Resource-based Model of Above Average Returns Resource-based Model Resources Capability * Four Attributes of Resources and Capabilities (Competitive Advantage) the firm is organized appropriately to obtain the full benefits of the resources in order to realize a competitive advantage Valuable allow the firm to exploit opportunities or neutralize threats in its external environment Rare possessed by few, if any, current and potential competitors Costly to imitate when other firms cannot obtain them or must obtain