高中英语语法动词时态与语态.doc

动词的时态与语态 现在 is/are/do过去 did将来 Will/shall过去将来 Would/should一般一般现在时 do一般过去时 did一般将来时 will一般过去将来时 would/should be进行 doing现在进行时 is/are+ doing过去进行时 was/were+ doing 将来进行时 will/shall be doing过去将来进行时 would/should be doing完成 have/has/had现在完成时 have/has+ done过去完成时 had+ done将来完成时 will/shall have done过去将来完成时 would/should have done完成进行 have/has/had been doing 现在完成进行时 have/has been doing过去完成进行时 had been doing将来完成进行时 will /shall have been doing过去将来完成进行时 would/should have been doing一般体 一般体中的一般现在时、一般过去时分别表示现在、过去的经常性、习惯性动作或状态。所谓一般体，即不表进行，又不表完成 例：We have meals three times a day.我们一日吃三餐（现在的习惯） He is always ready to help others.他总是乐于助人（现在的状态） When I was a boy, I often went to play in that park. 我小时候常去那个公园玩（过去的习惯） 一般现在时——客观真理、科学事实 例：The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起 一般现在时还可以用在if, unless, even if 引导的条件状语从句中，由when, before, until(till), as soon as, the moment, once 引导的时间状语从句中，由no matter what/who/which/when/where/how或whatever, whoever, whichever, whenever, wherever, however引导的让步状语从句中，这时主句往往表示将来（出现will/shall/can/must）或主句是祈使句 例：I’ll go with you as soon as I finish my work.我一完成工作就跟你走 If city noises are not kept from increasing, people will have to shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now. 如果不阻止城市噪音继续增加的话，20年后人们同在饭桌旁也得大喊着才能被听到。 Whatever you say, I will not change my mind.无论你说什么，我都不会改变主意 语境中的一般过去时，往往表示“刚才，在过去”之意，暗示现在已“不再这样” 例：—come on in, Peter. I want to show you something.皮特，进来。我想给你看点东西 —oh, how nice of you! I never thought you were going to bring me a gift. 你真是太好了，我从来没想过你会给我礼物 Your phone number again? I didn’t quite catch it. 再说一遍你的电话号码好吗？我刚才没有听见 练习：用所给词的正确形式填空 —your baby is too thin.(瘦) —it could gain (获得)weight (重量), but it (not eat) much. It won’t be long before such a thing (happen) again. I won’t speak to him unless he (apologize) to me. The careless driver has just been fined 10 dollars for stopping his car at a sign that (read) “NO PARKING”.（不准停车） —Nancy is not coming tonight. —but she (promise). 一般将来时的用法 1）.现在看