电弧焊方法中磁偏吹的产生原因及防止措施.doc

电弧焊方法中磁偏吹产生原因及防止措施 杨新华 （陕西工业职业技术学院,陕西咸阳：712000） 摘要： 本文在应用电弧焊方法的基础上，分析了焊接电弧周围磁场存在的原因及电流在磁场中受力作用的规律，探究了产生磁偏吹的因素，总结了焊接生产中磁偏吹产生的主要原因及防止措施，为焊接生产控制磁偏吹提供了技术参考，同时为焊接质量控制提供了技术支持。 关键词：磁偏吹；磁通密度；电弧焊； Causes and Prevention Measures of Magnetic arc Blow in Arc Welding Methods YANG Xin Hua (Shaan Xi Polytechnic Institute Xian Yang 712000，China) Based on the application of arc welding method, the influence of welding procedure and implementation on the welding quality were explored, it was summarized of the causes and prevention measures of magnetic blow in arc welding methods during welding production,, which provide technology reference for implementation of gas metal arc welding, at the same time provide technical support for welding quality control. Welding with an electric arc creates a magnetic field around the electrode, according to figure 1. The intensity of its lines of force, also called the magnetic flux density, gradually lowers as the distance from the electrode increases. If the magnetic field is disturbed by external sources, it may cause deflection of the arc during welding. This phenomenon is called magnetic arc blow, or arc blow. It can lead to several kinds of discontinuities in the joint, including lack of root penetration, lack of fusion, undercuts and pores. It may not be possible to totally eliminate arc blow but steps can be taken in order to reduce its negative effect. Key words: magnetic arc blow, magnetic flux density, arc welding 电弧焊磁场致焊接电弧偏转这种现象被称为磁偏吹磁偏吹它磁偏吹减少其负面影响电弧焊产生的磁场强度磁通密度磁通密度磁通密度图1 图1 直流电电流与周围磁场关系 Figure 1: The direction of the magnetic field in relation to the current with D.C. （a）同向电流相互吸引 （b）异向电流相互吸引 图2 同向电流与异向电流之间力的关系 (a) the wires have opposite currents so their forces repel each other. (b)the currents are going the same direction; therefore, the forces are attracting each other. Figure 2: The relationship of force between the same and opposite current direction 2磁偏吹影响因素 影响磁偏吹的因素非常多，最主要的影响因素如下表１。 表１　电弧焊磁偏吹影响因素 Table 1 序号 影响因素 说