河道水葫芦治理方案.doc

河道水葫芦治理方案 河道水葫芦治理方案(一)：水葫芦的危害与防治措施 　　shanghai jiao tong university 　　《环境与健康》 　　课程论文 　　题目：水葫芦的危害与防治措施 　　——基于上海交大校区的实例研究 学生姓名: 王浩衡 　　学生学号: 5117129019 　　专 业: 交通运输与国际航运系 　　指导老师： 王鲁梅 　　日 期: 2015年7月28日 　　班级序号： 4 　　水葫芦的危害与防治措施 　　——基于上海交大校区的实例研究 　　王浩衡 5117129019 　　【摘要】生物入侵破坏生态环境，给人民的生产生活带来了巨大的损失。近年来，生物入侵事件屡见不鲜，例如近年来，水葫芦在我国南方很多地区蔓延成灾，水葫芦覆盖水面，堵塞河道，影响航运，降低水中容氧量，影响水生生物的生长，严重影响水生生物多样性。目前防治水葫芦的措施主要是物理防治，对环境安全，短时间内也可迅速清除一定范围内的植株。但当发生面积大时，需要相当多的劳动力。由于严峻的现状，很多研究人员对水葫芦的防治展开了研究，并取得了一定成果。本文在参考大量国内外参考文献后，对水葫芦进行了基本介绍与说明，并综合给出了一套防治措施。此外，基于上海交大闵行校区水域，本文进行了有关水葫芦的实例研究，有较好的实证意义。 　　【关键词】生物入侵 水葫芦 物理防治 上海交大 　　【abstract】biological invasion destroys the environment,which will bring huge loss to the production life of people. in recent years, biological invasions are common events, for example, in recent years, water hyacinth is flooded in many areas of the south. water hyacinth covers the surface of the water, blocking the river, affecting shipping, reducing the oxygen content in water, affecting the growth of aquatic organisms, seriously affecting the diversity of aquatic organisms. one current measure of controlling water hyacinth is physical control, which is safe for the environment. furthermore, physical control can quickly remove the plant within a certain range in a short time. however, a large area requires considerable labor. due to the severe situation, many researchers have launched a study on water hyacinth prevention and achieved certain results. in this paper, after consulting a number of domestic and foreign references, a basic introduction and explanation on water hyacinth is given and a comprehensive set of control measures is put forward . in addition, based on shanghai jiao tong university, the paper has conducted a case study on water hyacinth, which is empirical significance. 　　【keywords】biological invasion water hyacinth physical control shanghai jiao tong university 　　1 引言 　　1.1 起源与分布 　　水葫芦[eichhornia crassipes (martius)