建筑物变形观测（Building deformation observation）.doc

建筑物变形观测（Building deformation observation） Determination of the deformation of a building and its foundation under the load of the building itself or under the action of an external force for a certain period of time and its data analysis and processing. The contents include settlement, tilt, displacement, deflection, wind vibration and other deformation observation items. Its purpose is to monitor building during construction and after completion, put safety in use; geological survey data and verify the reliability of the design data; the reasons and rules of deformation, in order to improve the design theory and construction method. The main contents of building foundation and foundation deformation observation are: The rebound of foundation pit is measured before, during and after foundation pit excavation, and the observation points embedded on the base surface are measured, and the elevation changes caused by the excavation of the foundation pit are measured. The difference of elevation between two times before excavation and after excavation is the total rebound amount of foundation pit. The settlement of the ground is measured and the elevation changes caused by the increase of load are measured at different observation points on the different soil layers, so as to obtain the settlement of each soil layer and the maximum depth of the compression layer. Building subsidence survey measures the observation points on buildings or foundations, due to time lapse or elevation changes due to changes in foundation, and compares the observed values of different periods, i.e., settlement. The above contents are deformation mainly with vertical displacement, the first method is according to the construction site topography, geological conditions and the precision of deformation monitoring, deformation control network reasonable layout (see control engineering measurement). In the building near the relatively stable position of laying work point, directly for the determina