Counterflow Extension for the F.A.S.T.-Model.pdf

Counterflow Extension for the F.A.S.T.-Model Tobias Kretz1,3 and Maike Kaufman2,3 and Michael Schreckenberg3 1 PTV AG Stumpfstra?e 1 – D-76131 Karlsruhe – Germany E-mail: Tobias.Kretz@PTV.De 2 Robotics Research Group Department of Engineering Science University of Oxford Parks Road – OX1 3PJ Oxford – UK E-mail: Maike@Robots.Ox.Ac.UK 3 Physics of Transport and Traffic University of Duisburg-Essen Lotharstra?e 1 – D-47057 Duisburg – Germany E-mail: Schreckenberg@PTT.Uni-DuE.De April 28, 2008 Abstract The F.A.S.T. (Floor field and Agent based Simulation Tool) model is a microscopic model of pedestrian dynamics [1], which is discrete in space and time [2, 3]. It was developed in a number of more or less consecutive steps from a simple CA model [4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]. This contribution is a summary of a study [11] on an extension of the F.A.S.T-model for counterflow situations. The extensions will be explained and it will be shown that the extended F.A.S.T.-model is capable of handling various counterflow situations and to reproduce the well known lane formation effect. 1 Introduction Counterflow situations [12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22] pose a special problem to models of pedestrian dynamic as well as building construction. To avoid deadlocks a certain degree of self-organization is necessary, which typically leads to the formation of lanes, where people in the same lane fol- low each other and different lanes have opposing movement directions. CA 1 a r X i v : 0 8 0 4 .4 3 3 6 v 1 [ c s .M A ] 2 8 A p r 2 0 0 8 models of pedestrian motion are particularly susceptible to deadlocks, if the main orientation axis of a corridor is aligned to one of the discretization axes. The reason for this is the given lane structure which leads to many head-on collision situation which lack any asymmetry to decide about the side of mutual passing. One modeling ansatz is to let opposing pedestrians exchange their cells with a certain probability [23]. While this met