原型范畴理论的缺陷与不足俞建梁.pdf

2008 2 2008, No. 2 14 1 FORE IGN LANGUAGE RESEARCH SerialNo. 141 : 从人的认知维度研究人的存在方式 语言, 是一条行之有效的途径目前, 学界面临的现 任务是, 在继续引进批判国外理论的同时, 结合汉语和中国人的体验特点, 建构中国人自己的认知语言 学; 从认知切入, 通过语言现象分析和诠释来揭示语言的存在方式本期刊发的 5篇文章从认知维度出 发, 分别探讨词汇句法和语篇三个领域的语言现象目前, 包括认知语言学在内的语言研究至少已经 凸现出两大趋势: 一是多维度探究语言的构成和运作机制, 二是研究中心从较低层级语言单位向较高层 级语言单位转移, 语篇已经成为揭示语言本质的理想研究对象 俞建梁 黄和斌 (南京航空航天大学, 南京 210016; 南京师范大学, 南京 210097) : ( ), , , , , : ; ; ; : H 0- 06 : A : 1000- 0100( 2008) 02- 0036- 4 On D efect and D eficiency of the P rototype Theory Yu Jianliang HuangH ebin (NanjingUn i ersity of Aeronautics and A stronautics, Nanjing 210016, Ch ina; Nanjing NormalUni ersity, Nanjing 210097, Ch ina) The prototype theory has sol ed many d ifficu lt prob lem s in sem antics so far, but cannot fu lly explain the lingu istic phenome non of enantiosemy, wh ich ex ists in both Ch inese and foreign languages. Based on the study and analysis of enantiosem y, w e ar gue thatm any princip les in prototype theory don t hold w ater. The critical reason for th is is the deficiency of d i erse study on dif ferent languages, wh ich in turn causesm any prob lem s such as nonidentity of prototype, split of m ean ing chains, nonthorough ness of fam ily resemb lance, and coex istence of oppositem em bers in the category. Therefore there ism uch to be mi pro ed for the prototype theory. K ey w ord s: enantiosem y; prototype theory; fam ily resem blance; essence of category 1 1. 1 , , , b irds, cups, colors; , F ill more( 1982), Taylor( 1995) , , , , , , , ( 1995), 36 2008