confucianismandlaoist儒家道家孔子老子中国传统文化.ppt

? Confucius was married at the age of 19 and had one son and two daughters. ? He is a great thinker, statesman, educator, and the founder of the Confucian School in ancient China. ? Confucius was the first person in China history to devote his whole life to teaching. ? He sought to inaugurate private education （私人讲学） to open the door of education to all. ? He had more than 3000 pupils, 72 of them are outstanding and famous. ? He evolved the new concept of humanism( 仁学 ) and make it the core （核心） of his conception of the Way of Man ( 人道观 ). ? Confucius formulated some of its fundamental concepts, such as the rectification of names( 正名 ), the Mean （中庸） , the Heaven （天） , the Humanity （仁） . ? The Analects of Confucius （论语） is a recorded work of his conventions and conduct, embracing much of the personality （为人） and the main philosophical viewpoint of Confucius. Taoist Lao Zi (Li Er, styled Dan, 571 — 471 B.C.) was a native of Ku County in the State of Chu. Lao Zi ? Lao Zi is a great philosopher , and the founder of the Taoist School in ancient China. Markers Tai Chi Whisk The difference The difference ? Confucianism emphasizes social order and an active life( 积极处世 ). ? Lao Zi concentrates on individual life, tranquility and non-action （清静无为） , in other words, letting Nature take its own course （顺其自然） . Confucius A ruler who governs his state by virtue is like the North Star, which remains in its place while all the other stars surround it. 为政以德，譬如北 辰，居其所而众星 共之。 Taoist Tao always takes no action, and yet there is nothing left undone. 道 常 无 为 而 无 不 为 。 Taoist By acting without action, all things will be in order. 为 无 为 ， 则 无 不 治 。 Confucius In the morning, hearing the Way; in the evening, be willing to die. 朝闻道， 夕死可矣。 Confucius 夫仁者，己欲立而立人，己欲达而达人。 A man of humanity , wishing to establish his own character , establishes the character of others too; wishing to be successful himself, helps others to succeed too.