英语音标基础知识（Basic knowledge of English phonetic symbols）.doc

英语音标基础知识（Basic knowledge of English phonetic symbols） Phoneme: phoneme is the smallest unit of speech, and has the function of distinguishing language meaning. English has 22 vowel phonemes and 28 consonant phonemes. Vowel: when a vowel sounds, the air flows out of the lungs, through the trachea, into the mouth, and in the oral cavity it is regulated by the sounds of the trachea, such as the tongue, lips, etc., but without hindrance. The front and back of the tongue, the height of the tongue, and the roundness of the lips affect the flow of air from the lungs, causing them to produce different vowel sounds. According to the range of the movement of the tongue, the English vowel can be divided into the front vowel, middle vowel and back vowel. When pronouncing, the vocal chords vibrate and are called voiced sounds. There are 22 vowel sounds in English, of which 12 are the unit sound and the 10 is the vowel. Consonants: when consonants are produced, air flow out of the lungs and is affected by the organs of speech such as lips, teeth, tongue, and throat. When consonants are voiced, the vocal cords vibrate with voiced consonants, and the voiceless vocal chords are voiceless consonants. There are 28 consonants in english. Two, Shaws phonetic symbols: Shaws phonetic symbols are phonemes, according to the rules of English pronunciation, select 50 letters and combinations of letters, representing 50 phonemes. The traditional method of learning English is to use the international phonetic alphabet or K.K. phonetic symbols to make phonemes. Three letters: letters are written in english. English has 26 letters, divided into 5 vowel letters and 21 consonant letters. Letters are fewer than phonemes, which shows how many pronunciations a letter has. The 5 vowel letters are: A, e, I, O, U. The 21 consonant letters are: B, C, D, F, G, h, J, K, l, m, N, P, Q, R,, s, t, Z, V, W, x, y. Four pronunciation rules: English is very inconsistent with pronunciation and spelling due to histo