不规则零件的数控机床加工工艺研究(1).pdf
工艺与装备173
不规则零件的数控机床加工工艺研究
梁继海
(广西制造工程职业技术学院智能制造(机电)工程学院,南宁530000)
摘 要:随着现代制造业的快速发展,不规则零件的加工需求日益增长,对数控机床加工工艺提出了
更高要求。针对不规则零件加工面临的挑战,如几何形状复杂多变、精度要求高、材料加工难度大等,提出
数控加工工艺的优化方法,包括工装夹具优化、刀具选择与路径规划、机床性能调优以及在线监测与自适应
控制等。通过模块化设计夹具、优化刀具几何参数调优机床性能等,实现了不规则零件的高精度、高效率加
工。此外,采用基于动态吸振器的主动抑振方法和在线监测与自适应控制系统,有效提高了加工质量和刀具
寿命。
关键词:不规则零件;数控机床;加工工艺;夹具;刀具
ResearchonCNCMachiningTechnologyofIrregularParts
LIANGJihai
(IntelligentManufacturing(MechanicalandElectrical)EngineeringCollege,GuangxiVocationalandTechnicalCollegeofManufacture
Engineering,Nanning530000)
Abstract:Withtherapiddevelopmentofmodernmanufacturingindustry,theprocessingdemandofirregularpartsisincreasing
daybyday,andhigherrequirementsareputforwardfortheprocessingtechnologyofCNCmachinetools.Inviewofthechallenges
facedbythemachiningofirregularparts,suchascomplexgeometry,highprecisionrequirementsanddifficultmaterialprocessing,
theoptimizationmethodofNCmachiningtechnologyisproposed,includingfixtureoptimization,toolselectionandpathplanning,
machinetoolperformanceoptimization,onlinemonitoringandadaptivecontrol.Thehighprecisionandhighefficiencymachining
ofirregularpartsisrealizedthroughmodularizationdesignoffixture,optimizationoftoolgeometryparametersandoptimizationof
machinetoolperformance,etc.Inaddition,theactivevibrationsuppressionmethodbasedondynamicvibrationabsorberandthe
on-linemonitoringandadaptivecontrolsystemareusedtoeffectivelyimprovethemachiningqualityandtoollife.
Keywords:irregularparts;CNCmachinetools;processingtechnology;