我国煤化工的技术现状与发展对策..docx

我国煤化工的技术现状与发展对策闫刚刚(陇东学院，化学化工学院，甘肃 庆阳 745000)摘 要:概述了我国煤化工的技术现状,分析了煤化工产业化发展的政策环境,展望了我国谋化工技术及产业化的发展前景,提出了我国煤化 工技术及产业化发展的对策措施。为了缓解石油供需矛盾、保障石油安全供应并应对国际油价异常波动带来的挑战,依靠我国相对丰富的煤炭资源来生产一定数量石油替代品和化工产品,无疑具有重要的现实意义和深远的战略意义。而且我国煤炭储量丰富、煤种齐全分布较广、煤炭生产技术水平较高,生产能力很大,为发展煤化工提供了可靠的原料保障。关键词:煤化工;产业化;技术现状;发展对策 Technology status and Development Countermeasures of coal chemical industry in ChinaYAN Gang-gang(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Longdong University, Qingyang 745000, Gansu)Abstract: It states the present situation of Chinas coal chemical industry technology, analyzes the policy environment for the development in the coal chemical industry, the prospect of our country to seek the prospects for the development of chemical technology and industrialization, Chinas coal industry and technology and industrialization development countermeasures are proposed.In order to alleviate the contradiction between oil supply and demand, ensure oil security of supply and to deal with the international oil price abnormal fluctuations in the challenge, rely on our country relatively abundant coal resources to produce a number of alternatives to oil and chemical products, undoubtedly have important practical significance and far-reaching strategic significance. And our country has abundant coal reserves, a wide range of coal distribution, a higher level of coal production technology, a great production capacity for the development of coal chemical industry to provide a reliable guarantee of raw materials.Key words: Coal chemical industry; industrialization; technology status; development strategy1、引言 我国是以煤为主要能源资源的国家,煤炭在化石能源的剩余可采储量中占有绝对优势地位在目前的一次能源消费构成中,煤炭占2/3左右。自2 0 0 3年成为世界第二大能源消费国以来,我国对能源度增加,连创新高。随着国民经济的快速发展和人民生活水平的不断提高,以及环保要求的日趋严格,对清洁能源的需求越来越迫切。由于我国石油资源相对短缺,石油进口量逐年增加,2006年石油进口量高达1.4亿上。据专家预测,到2020年,我国石油缺口将超过消费总量的50%。2、煤化工技术现状 2.1煤炭焦化技术向大型化、低污染、节能降耗方向发展 煤炭焦化是目前技术上相对比较成熟的传统煤化工产业,也是冶金工业高炉炼铁、最主要的配套产业。煤炭焦化是指炼焦煤在焦炉中隔绝空气条件下加热,生产焦炭、于馏煤气、煤焦油及其他多种化工产品的过程干馏煤气和煤焦油可进一步深度加工转化,干馏煤气可生甲醇、合成氨等化工产品,煤焦油进一