从《老人与海》看海明威的生态意识.doc

从《老人与海》看海明威的生态意识 摘要：生态批判学作为新起的分析文学作品的方法，为我们解读经典文学作品提供了新的视野和角度。海明威的《老人与海》则是文豪海明威的经典之作，其主人公圣地亚哥的顽强一直为人称颂，但是从生态批判学的角度看，这仅仅是冰山一角，这部作品蕴含着深厚的生态意识。 论文从作品主人公圣地亚哥开始分析海明威对生态的看法，第一部分，将分析圣地亚哥的生活细节，以此分析海明威所蕴含其中的生态意识，第二部分，将进一步分析圣地亚哥出海的情况，通过此分析来阐述海明威对大自然的态度和思考，第三部分则着重强调海明威对人类种种破坏环境的反思。 通过本文的写作，笔者并不是旨在批评人类对生态的破坏，而是想通过生态批判学的角度，给予大家一个全新的角度去解读《老人与海》这部经典作品，也希望借此文章让大家更加了解海明威和生态批判学。同时也激发出大家保护生态的愿望和行动。 关键词：生态批判学；生态意识；圣地亚哥 Ecological Interpretation of Old Man and the Sea Abstract Eco-criticism offers a new angle to re-evaluate the classics. The article will reanalyse Hemingway’s The Old Man and the Sea from an ecological perspective, so as to gain a view of Hemingway’s ecological consciousness and suggest a new way to understand Hemingway who concerns more about the interconnection and equality between man and nature. This article tries to discuss the vivid and accurate description of Santiago. Firstly, Eco-criticism is a form of literary criticism based on an ecological perspective. Eco-criticism investigates the relation between humans and the natural world in literature. Secondly, in The old Man and the Sea, the hero, Santiago lived a simple life. By showing his life, Hemingway put his idea that he opposed luxurious life and he hoped that human beings should live harmoniously with the nature instead of overusing the resource. Thirdly, in The old Man and the Sea, Santiago respected all lives besides human beings. He was fond of fishes and he would be sorry for the birds. In Hemingway’s subliminal, in order to survive sustainably, human beings have to show respect on the lives besides human beings. Fourthly, Hemingway thought that human being should offend other branches; otherwise, human beings should be punished. As a conclusion, in the view of eco-criticism, in Hemingway’s The old Man and the Sea, if human beings want to live on the earth, they have to show respect to other species and what is more, they need to protect others instead of thinking that human beings are the controllers