f（英译汉第六讲）长句和简单定语从句的翻译.ppt

中级英语笔译;第六讲英汉翻译技巧;一、英语长句的译法 英语习惯于用长的句子表达比较复杂的概念, 而汉语则不同,常常使用若干短句, 作层次分明的叙述。因此, 在进行英译汉时, 要特别注意英语和汉语之间的差异, 将英语的长句分解,化整为零翻译成汉语的短句。在英语长句的翻译过程中, 我们一般可采取下列的方法。;1．切分法 将英语长句按意群切分为若干小句再逐句翻译。如： Will the decision to bomb the country’s oil lifeline persuade their leaders to end its armed infiltration of their neighboring countries? 轰炸该国石油命脉的主张，会叫该国的领袖裹足，不再武装渗透邻近各国吗？;Now there is in America a curious combination of pride in having risen to a position where it is no longer necessary to depend on manual labor for a living and genuine delight in what one is able to accomplish with ones own hands. 现在美国有一个奇怪的既对立又统一的现象：人们一方面为地位上升不再需要靠体力劳动谋生而感到自豪，另一方面又对能够亲自动手取得成功而由衷地感到高兴。;2．拆译法 将原文中的某一部分（如单词、短语或从句）提取出来单独处理，或者放在译文句首，或者放在译文句末。如： I wondered how she would feel if she learned that the Negro before whom she had behaved in such an unladylike manner was habitually a white man. ;The very important oil industry, which has done much to rejuvenate the economy of the South since the end of World War II, made considerable headway especially in the five states of Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Oklahoma and Texas. ;3．插入标点法 是指插入原文中所没有的标点符号，如破折号、括号、冒号等等。用这种方法来保持原文的连贯性。如： Now there is in America a curious combination of pride in having risen to a position where it is no longer necessary to depend on manual labor for a living and genuine delight in what one is able to accomplish with ones own hands. ;现在美国有一个奇怪的既对立又统一的现象：人们一方面为地位上升不再需要靠体力劳动谋生而感到自豪，另一方面又对能够亲自动手取得成功做事而由衷地感到高兴。;The effects of smoking have widely been associated with an increased risk of developing lung diseases including cancer, heart disease and stroke. “Intervention to discourage smoking should receive high priority,” the researchers conclude.;4．句子重组法 也叫综合法，在准确地领会、把握了原文的基础上，打破原文的结构，灵活自如地表达出原文的信息、含义。如：;欧洲有些国家，天气坏透，那里的人要辛苦一番，才能找到景色如画的地方。奇怪，他们恰好最喜欢过乡村生活，也最喜欢欣赏天然风景，而且这个情形也极普遍。这是实情，我怎么也提不出叫人满意的解释来。 ;课堂练习; 　2. Already he had discovered that his brain went beyond Ruth’s, just as it went beyond the brains of her brothers, or