天津市大气颗粒物中有机标识物粒径分布的季节特征.pdf

中国环境科学 2022,42(11) ：4974~4982 China Environmental Science 天津市大气颗粒物中有机标识物粒径分布的季节特征 * 王晓宁, 田瑛泽 ,薛倩倩 (南开大学环境科学与工程学院, 国家环境保护城市空气颗粒物污染防治重点实验室,天津 300350) 摘要：为探讨采暖季和非采暖季大气颗粒物中有机标识组分的粒径分布特征,识别其来源,于 2018 5 月至 2019 4 月在天津采集分粒径颗粒物,利用 GC-MS 对 9 个粒径段颗粒物中 17 种多环芳烃(PAHs)、20 种正构烷烃(n-Alkanes)和 7 种藿烷(hopanes)进行分析,并通过有机标识物及特征比值的方法 探讨其主要来源.结果表明:非采暖季的四环多环芳烃 Pyr 、BaA 、Chr 和五环多环芳烃 BbF 、BaP 呈 3 峰分布,其余 PAHs 呈双峰分布,采暖季的低环 PAHs 呈双峰分布,中高环 PAHs 近似单峰分布.根据 PAHs 特征比值发现,非采暖季的燃煤源和交通源是 PAHs 的主要贡献源,采暖季 PAHs 受燃煤源的影响更 显著.非采暖季的正构烷烃中 C29 呈单峰分布,C27、C31、C32 和 C33 近似单峰分布,其余正构烷烃呈双峰分布,采暖季的正构烷烃均呈双峰分布.根据 正构烷烃碳优势指数(CPI)和主碳峰数(Cmax)发现,人为源是正构烷烃的主要来源,非采暖季受自然源的影响大于采暖季, 自然源排放的正构烷烃倾向于 富集在粗颗粒物上,人为源排放的正构烷烃则更倾向于富集在细颗粒物上.藿烷在粗粒径段和细粒径段均存在峰值.根据藿烷特征比值发现,非采暖季的 藿烷受交通源的影响较大,采暖季的藿烷受燃煤源的影响更显著. 关键词：大气颗粒物；有机标识组分；粒径分布；采暖季 中图分类号：X511 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-6923(2022)11-4974-09 Distribution characteristics of organic markers in particulate matter with different sizes during different seasons in Tianjin. * WANG Xiao-ning, TIAN Ying-ze , XUE Qian-qian (State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China). China Environmental Science, 2022,42(11) ：4974~4982 Abstract ：In order to study the distribution characteristics of organic markers in particulate matter with different sizes during the heating and non-heating period, and identify their pollution sources, the Anderson eight-stage sampler was used to collect one-year samples from May 2018 to April 2019. 17 kinds of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs), 20kinds of n-Alkanes and 7kinds of hopanes in 9particle size segments were analyzed and the main sources of particulate matter were i