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穿透性角膜移植排斥反应危险因素分析.doc

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穿透性角膜移植排斥反应危险因素分析 【摘要】?   目的:探讨穿透性角膜移植术后植片排斥的危险因素。 方法:回顾性分析我院200101/200801实施穿透性角膜移植发生排斥反应的病例,分析各因素在植片排斥反应病例中所占的比率及各种病例中植片排斥的发生率。结果:总排斥反应率为31.0%,其中普通组为25.5%,高危组为59.4%(P0.05)。眼部化学伤排斥反应发生率最高48.1%(P0.05)。高危组发生排斥反应早且病情严重。结论:引起角膜植片排斥的多种因素中,不同疾病的穿透性角膜移植的发生率不同,排斥反应的发生与术前原发病,植床情况,手术设计操作术后预防有密切关系,其中植床新生血管是植片排斥的高危因素。 【关键词】? 角膜移植;排斥反应;危险因素   Investigation about the risk factors of the graft rejection after penetrating keratoplasty   FuJun Gao   Shandong Lunan Eye Hospital, Eye Hospital of Shandong Medical College, Linyi 276002, Shandong Province, China   AbstractAIM: To investigate the risk factors of corneal graft rejection after penetrating keratoplasty.METHODS: The rejection cases of penetrating keratoplasty in our hospital from 200101 to 200801 were retrospectively analyzed, the ratio of various factors in the graft rejection patients and the incidence of graft rejection in all kinds of cases were analyzed.RESULTS: The total rejection rate was 31.0%, 25.5% in normal group, 59.4% in highrisk group (P0.05), 48.1% in chemical eye burn group (P0.05). Rejection of highrisk group was early and serious.CONCLUSION: Of the factors of corneal graft rejection, the rejection rate is different in different original diseases, the graft rejectim has a close relationship with the preoperative symptoms, planting beds, surgical operation design and the prevention after surgery. Planting beds neovascularization is a high risk factor of graft rejection.   KEYWORDS: keratoplasty; graft rejection; risk factors   0 引言 ???   穿透性角膜移植是治疗角膜盲的最主要手段,但由于手术适应证的扩大,角膜原发病本身的严重性,术中、术后并发症较多,其中免疫排斥反应是最主要的并发症。近年来虽然对角膜移植排斥反应的基础及临床研究取得了较大的进展,但确切的病理机制以及临床面临的许多问题仍未得到解决,进一步探讨角膜移植术后排斥反应发生的规律,总结排斥反应发生的高危病种及各种危险因素,能有效评估角膜移植术的预后,在术前或术后针对各种危险因素采取预防性治疗,在术中采取正确的处理方法,有助于降低排斥反应的发生率。对于从根本上找到有效的防治策略具有很重要的意义。现将我院200101/200801间182例穿透性角膜移植术后排斥反应发生情况作一回顾性研究。   1 对象和方法   1.1 对象?   自200101/200801住院行穿透性角膜移植术(PKP),术后能定期随访,临床资料较完整患者587例,男396例,女191例。发生排斥反应的182例,其中男117例,女65例,年龄10~70(平均39.6±16.9)岁。手术经过顺利,术后均控制了原发病,角膜植片2wk内
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