水准测量在桥梁预压中的应用 毕业论文.doc

毕 业 论 文题目：English Title：Level measurement in bridge pre fracturing二 零 一 年 六 月摘 要 为了能及时发现桥梁梁板安装在施工过程中以及竣工后存在的常规弹性变量所带来的隐患，通常通过预压来解决其问题。现在通常采用袋装砂石料或钢材作为荷载进行预压，并按施工设计荷载的1.2倍进行最终试压。为检验现浇箱梁模板的安全性和实际弹性变形量，可通过预压消除结构非弹性变形和提前测试桥梁构件安全系数。本文主要论述利用水准测量原理，先布设预压所需水准导线，然后在装载中再逐次加载梁体设计荷载的30%，100%，120%，并逐次进行沉降变形观测，记录其相应的标高，并于加载120%后连续测量其七天内相应的标高，测出稳定后的模板标高，即可卸载，卸载后测量人员再次对布置点进行测量，得出模板标高，最后根据此沉降量及量调整相应标高。In order to timely detection of bridge plate installed during construction and after the completion of existing conventional elastic variable brings hidden trouble, usually by preloading to solve their problems. Now usually used sand stone or steel as a load precompression, and according to the construction design load is 1.2times of the final pressure test. For inspection of cast-in-place box girder model safety and the actual amount of elastic deformation, can be achieved by preloading elimination structure of non elastic deformation and early testing bridge safety coefficient. This paper mainly discusses the use of the principle of leveling, first laying preloading the level required to traverse, and then in the loading of successive load beam design load is 30%,100%,120%, and by means of settlement deformation observation, recording the corresponding elevation, and loaded in 120% after seven days of continuous measurement of the elevation, measure stability after the template level, can be unloaded, after unloading personnel again on the layout of measurement points were measured, the elevation of that template, finally according to the settlement and the springback adjustment corresponding template elevation. The method can be used to advance the discovery of support structure and components processing, installation problems and hidden dangers, early adjustment, nip in the bud. Key words: Level measurement；Bridge preloading；S114 Bridge 目 录 1 绪 论 1 1.1 研究背景及意义 1 1.2 论文研究的主要内容 2 2 水准测量原理与方法 3 2.1 水准测量原理 3 2.2 预压中水准测量原理 3 2.3 水准测量方法 4 3 桥梁预压 6 3.1 预压目的 6 3.2 预压的基本要求