HMDWR-3A地网接地电阻测试仪说明书答题.doc

武汉豪铭电力科技有限公司 目 录 用途················································1 概述················································1 性能特点············································2 技术指标············································2 仪器内部结构和测试原理······························3 仪器面板说明········································4 仪器操作说明········································5 工频接地阻抗的测量··································5 场区地表电位梯度的测试······························8 接触电位差、接触电压的测量··························9 跨步电位差、跨步电压的测量·························9 土壤电阻率的测量··································10 查看历史数据······································11 异常处理··········································12 注意事项··········································12 与计算机的通讯····································12 装箱单············································13 可选配件··········································13 服务电话··········································13  -  PAGE 13 - 一、用途 本仪器适用于测试各类接地装置的工频接地阻抗、接触电压、跨步电压、转移电位、场区地表电位梯度等工频特性参数以及土壤电阻率。本仪器采用异频抗干扰技术，能在强干扰环境下准确测得工频50Hz下的数据。测试电流较小（最大3A），不会引起测试时接地装置的电位过高，同时它还具有极强的抗干扰能力，故可以在不停电的情况下进行测量。 二、概述 目前国内接地装置的测试工作比较薄弱，一些关键的技术观念比较模糊，技术手段落后。针对上述现状，我国制订了最新行业标准DL/T475-2006和国家标准GB/T17949.1-2000。新标准对旧标准做了很多重要改变。为了方便广大现场测试和研究人员，我们根据这些最新标准，结合我们多年研究大型地网测试的实际经验，研制成功本仪器。 工频接地阻抗，是指接地装置对远方电位零点间的电位差与通过接地装置流入地中的工频电流的比值。工频接地阻抗以往被习惯地称为“工频接地电阻”。此名称的纠正，在国家标准GB/T17949.1-2000“接地系统的土壤电阻率，接地阻抗和地面电位测量导则第一部分：常规测量”以及电力行业标准“接地装置特性参数测量导则修订稿”（取代DL475-92）中作了阐述。本测量仪采用交流电流进行测试，故所测数值称为接地阻抗，而不再沿用以往的称呼“接地电阻”。 在对接地装置进行测量时，由于受不平衡零序电流以及射频等各种干扰，使得测试结果产生很大的误差。特别是大型接地网的接地阻抗一般很小（一般在0.5Ω以下），干扰带来的相对误差更大。为了降低现场干扰的影响，目前采用的方法主要有两种，一种是增大测试电流，一种是使用异频法。第一种方法是通过加大测试电流来加大信号电压和信号电流，从而提高信噪比，减小测量误差。这种方法由于采用了很大的测试电流（DL/T475-2006标准推荐不宜小于50A），使得设备非常笨重，且布线劳动强度很大，耗时耗力。而且，由于主要干扰与信号同频，无法从