基于生态水利工程的河道规划设计初步研究-水利工程专业论文.docx

Preliminary Research on Planning and Design of River Based on Ecological-Hydraulic Engineering A Dissertation Submitted for the Degree of Master Candidate：Yang Long Supervisor：Prof. Guo Jianqing Chang’an University, Xi’an, China 摘 要 生态水利工程是最近几十年才被人们广泛研究的内容之一，也是现代水利工程发展 的必由之路。水利工程的建设除了满足基本的排洪、蓄水、导水功能外，还应该尽量维 持水环境的自然特征，保障水生生物和两栖类生物的生存空间。由于生态水利工程和生 态河道治理工程成为现代水利工程的发展趋势，国内外有很多关于生态水利工程和生态 河道治理的理论研究和实践项目，并有很大的成果。但就国内而言，我国的生态水利工 程近年来虽有建设，但仍旧屈指可数，且我国水利工程多以其建设目标为出发点，忽略 了水环境的生态功能，尤其是广大的河道治理工程中。 本文在收集和总结国内外研究者在生态水利工程学和生态河道理论方面和实践资 料的基础上，对生态水利工程学和生态河道治理工程的基本知识体系分别作以分析和归 纳，并详细阐述。论证得出生态河道治理工程为生态水利工程学的子属研究内容，在此 基础上以生态水利工程学知识来研究生态河道治理，并针对生态河道治理已自成的知识 体系来建设生态河道。以生态水利工程学为基础，结合现有生态河道治理理论体系和实 践资料，在研究现有生态堤岸的几种类型的基础上，对已有的网格护岸形式进行改进和 创新，设计出新型的“栅格”结构形式的护岸、河床铺设或堰坝类型，以改造原有的护 岸、河床铺设或堰坝类型，并在三种现有不同类型的河道设计中加以设计。在三种不同 类型的设计应用中，即考虑的河道的防洪作用，也考虑了河道的生态功能和河道的微景 观价值,希望在以后的生态水利工程，包括生态河道治理工程中提供设计上起到抛砖引 玉的作用，为后续的河道治理工程起到一定帮助。 关键词：生态水利工程、生态河道、生态河堤、河道设计 i PAGE PAGE iv Abstract Eco-hydraulic engineering is the only way to develop modern hydraulic engineering, which h as been widely studied in recent decades. Drainage, impoundment and conductivity should be the main functions of hydraulic engineering projects, when achieving these basic functions, more attentions should be paid to maintaining the natural features of water environment and p rotect the survival of aquatic life and amphibian creatures as much as possible. Eco-hydraulic engineering and Eco-river construction has been the main trend of modern hydraulic enginee ring, most of theory studies and practices about eco-hydraulic engineering and eco- river cons truction have made great achievements at home and abroad. Although eco-hydraulic engineer -ing has been developed in recent years in China, but still in its infancy. Eco-hydraulic engine ering projects in China mainly focused on the goal of building, which always ignoring the eco logical functions of water environment, especially in the river constructions. Based on the research achievements ab