毕业论文--TBM在不良地质条件下的隧道掘进(含外文翻译)_精品.doc

毕业论文--TBM在不良地质条件下的隧道掘进(含外文翻译) ABSTRACT 摘要 This paper is to discuss TBM tunneling in difficult ground conditions when problems are met which may reduce dramatically the average progress rates and practical consequences may be such as to pose serious questions on the use of mechanized TBM tunnelling versus drill blast and other so-called traditional excavation methods Following a few remarks on rock TBM tunnelling in relation to the selection and dimensioning of the machine the attention is posed on the limiting geological conditions which may be envisaged with respect to the use of TBM tunnelling and on the importance of geological and geotechnical investigations in order to derive an appropriate understanding of the rock mass conditions along the line of the tunnel The discussion is centered upon the relatively more important or difficult ground conditions including borability limits instability of excavation walls instability of excavation face fault zones and squeezing Whenever available to the authors and based on project experience the point of view is illustrated by case examples which give the opportunity to underline specific difficulties encountered and recommendations 本篇论文所探讨的内容是在遇到严重减小掘进速度的不良地质条件下的隧道开挖并提出采用ＴＢＭ钻爆法和其他所谓的传统开挖方法进行隧道掘进时所能遇到的问题下面是由ＴＢＭ进行掘进的有关机器选型和尺寸的说明关注于使用ＴＢＭ进行掘进的地质条件的限制及地质和地质观测的重要性所以要恰当理解隧道沿线的围岩状况讨论集中于相对重要或不良地质状况的围岩其中包括可挖性限制开挖洞壁的不稳定性开挖掌子面的不稳定性断层和挤压岩况利用其他作者之言并基于工程经验通过实例阐述观点借此机会强调面临的特殊困难并给出建议 INTRODUCTION 引言 TBM excavation represent a big investment in an unflexible but potentially very fast method of excavating and supporting a rock tunnel Barton 1996 When unfavorable conditions are encountered without warning time schedule and practical consequences are often far greater in a TBM driven tunnel than in a drill and blast tunnel TBM开挖不仅意味着巨额投资而且可以进行快速开挖和支护 Barton 1996 ．在无预警的情况下遇到不良地质条件从时间和实际产生的结果来讲采用TBM 方法进行隧道掘进远远比采用钻爆法快得多 The unfavorable conditions can be produced by either a rock mass of very poor quality causi