第二练 科学发明（原卷版）.docx

第二练科学发明

(分值：47.5分)

Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分)

(2025·福建适应性考试)

ResearchersatMITcreatedahigh－techpillthatstartstovibrate(振动)onceitmakescontactwithliquidintheuser’sstomachandmakeshimorherfeelfull.ThepillwasreportedlythoughtupbyShriyaSrinivasan,currentlyanassistantprofessorofbioengineeringatHarvardUniversity.

VIBES，shortforVibratingIngestibleBioElectronicStimulator，wasonlyrecentlymadepublicinastudypublishedintheSciencejournal，butitisalreadybeingannouncedbythemediaasthefutureofweightloss.Althoughithasyettobetestedonhumans，trialsonpigshaveachievedveryhopefulresults.Afterabout30minutesofVIBESactivity，pigsconsumedonaveragealmost40percentlessfoodinthenexthalfhourthantheydidwithoutthesmartpill.Apparently,therevolutionarydeviceworksbyactivatingstretchreceptorsinthestomach，modelingthepresenceoffood.Thisinturnsignalsthehypothalamus(下丘脑)toincreasethelevelsofhormonesthatmakeusfeelfull.Thevibratingstimulator，whichisaboutthesizeofavitaminpill，ispoweredbyanencasedbatteryandactivatedeitherbythegastricfluid(胃液)breakingdownthecoataroundthepill，orbyanincorporatedtimer.Afterproducingthedesiredeffect，thepillexitsthebodywithothersolidwaste.

Thegoodnewsisthatitisexpectedtohaveacostinthecentstoonedollarrange，andresearcherssaythatitmayeventuallybepossibletoimplantthestimulatorandthusremovetheneedforpeopletoconstantlyswallowit.

“Ourstudydemonstratestheeffectivenessofalow－cost，non－operativeinterventiontoreducefoodintakeandcalorieconsumption.Thedevicefunctionseffectivelyinthestomachandleadstofullness，”saidGiovanniTraverso，co－authorofthestudy.“Thedevicehasthepotentialtorevolutionizeoptionsforweightlosstreatment.However，futurestudieswillbeneededtoexplorethephysiologicaleffectsofthedevicebeforeit’savailableforpa