sustainable non-metallic building materials可持续的非金属建筑材料.pdf

Sustainability 2010, 2, 400-427; doi:10.3390/su2020400 OPEN ACCESS sustainability ISSN 2071-1050 /journal/sustainability Review Sustainable Non-Metallic Building Materials Paul Joseph * and Svetlana Tretsiakova-McNally The Built Environment Research Institute, School of the Built Environment, University of Ulster, Newtownabbey, BT37 0QB, Northern Ireland, UK ; E-Mail: S.Tretsiakova-mcnally@ulster.ac.uk * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: P.Joseph@ulster.ac.uk; Tel.: +44-28-9036-8755; Fax: +44-28-9036-8726. Received: 7 December 2009 / Accepted: 18 January 2010 / Published: 27 January 2010 Abstract: Buildings are the largest energy consumers and greenhouse gases emitters, both in the developed and developing countries. In continental Europe, the energy use in buildings alone is responsible for up to 50% of carbon dioxide emission. Urgent changes are, therefore, required relating to energy saving, emissions control, production and application of materials, use of renewable resources, and to recycling and reuse of building materials. In addition, the development of new eco-friendly building materials and practices is of prime importance owing to the growing environmental concerns. This review reflects the key tendencies in the sector of sustainable building materials of a non-metallic nature that have occurred over the past decade or so. Keywords: sustainability; sustainable buildings; construction; building mat