anterior medial prefrontal cortex exhibits activation during task preparation but deactivation during task execution前内侧前额叶皮层展品激活任务准备期间,但在任务执行过程中失活.pdf

Anterior Medial Prefrontal Cortex Exhibits Activation during Task Preparation but Deactivation during Task Execution 1 2 3 3 2 2 Hideya Koshino *, Takehiro Minamoto , Takashi Ikeda , Mariko Osaka , Yuki Otsuka , Naoyuki Osaka 1 Department of Psychology, California State University, San Bernardino, California, United States of America, 2 Department of Psychology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, 3 Department of Human Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan Abstract Background: The anterior prefrontal cortex (PFC) exhibits activation during some cognitive tasks, including episodic memory, reasoning, attention, multitasking, task sets, decision making, mentalizing, and processing of self-referenced information. However, the medial part of anterior PFC is part of the default mode network (DMN), which shows deactivation during various goal-directed cognitive tasks compared to a resting baseline. One possible factor for this pattern is that activity in the anterior medial PFC (MPFC) is affected by dynamic allocation of attentional resources depending on task demands. We investigated this possibility using an event related fMRI with a face working memory task. Methodology/Principal Findings: Sixteen students participated in a single fMRI session. They were asked to form a task set to remember the faces (Face memory condition) or to ignore them (No face memory condition), then they were given 6 seconds of preparation period before the onset of the face stimuli. During this 6-second period, four single digits were presented one at a time at the center of the display, and participants were asked to add them and to remember the final answer. When