材料晶粒尺寸及变形率对钢板加工变形后表面粗糙度的影响.pdf

材料晶粒尺寸及变形率对钢板加工变形后表面粗糙度的影响 ·1 · 材料晶粒尺寸及变形率对钢板加工变形后 表面粗糙度的影响 班必俊 （宝山钢铁股份有限公司，上海 200940 ） 摘 要 用于冲压、拉伸用的冷轧钢板，在加工后钢板容易产生表面粗糙化现象，影响加工件的外观质量，为了研 究导致钢板加工变形后表面粗糙化的机理，本文注重研究了钢板材料晶粒度及钢板拉伸变形率对材料表面粗糙化的 影响，通过采用冲压、拉伸模拟试验研究基本摸清了晶粒尺寸及拉伸变形率和钢板表面粗糙化的关系。通过冲压模 拟试验得出了罐体表面粗糙度主要受钢板晶粒度影响较大，晶粒越大，冲压后罐体表面就越粗糙；通过拉伸模拟试 验得出了拉伸变形率对变形后的钢板粗糙程度有较大影响，拉伸变形率越大拉伸后的表面越粗糙；一定量电镀能够 降低罐体粗糙程度，但不能消除表面凹凸，特别是粗糙罐体表面更难消除凹凸不平。 关键词 晶粒尺寸，粗糙化，变形率 The Effect of Grain Size and Deformation Rate on Surface Roughness after Steel Sheet Forming Ban Bijun (Baoshan Iron Steel Corporation Ltd., Shanghai 200940, China) Abstract Cold rolled steel for stamping and drawing is easy to cause surface roughening after processing the steel plate, which will affect the appearance quality of processing parts. In order to study the mechanism of steel sheet surface roughening after forming, this paper focuses on the research of the effects of material grain size and steel tensile deformation rate on the steel sheet surface roughening. The experimental study found out the relationship between material grain size and surface roughening by stamping and stretching simulation. As a result, surface roughness is increased as grain size increases by stamping simulation; Tensile deformation rate increases surface roughness obviously by tensile test; Can body surface roughness can be reduced by a certain amount plating but not be eliminated surface uneven, especially the rough surface of the can body which is difficult to be eliminated uneven. Key words grain size, surface roughening, deformation rate 1 引言 冷轧钢板广泛用于汽车、家电、包装用制品，这样用途大都需要经过冲压、拉延成型，不少用途要求