过程控制系统实验装置开发大学生毕业论文（设计）说明书.doc

毕业设计说明书（毕业论文） 过程控制系统实验装置开发 ——PI-P数字调节器 摘 要 关键词：；； Process Control System Experimental Device Development --PI-P Digital Regulator Abstract In the process control, regulator is comprised of a great deal of arithmetic elements. Their performance has immediate relation with smooth running in the course of production and the final quality of products. It is also closely interrelated to the economic benefit of enterprises. So it has far-reaching signification that the optimization design of PID control unites. The stability of the closed-loop system is the first consideration in the controller design. If the system is unstable, the improvement of the other performances would be not signification. The main reason that the basic PID control program can be widely used in conventional simulation regulating device is that we can get visual and effective control result in the site by it. So it still be a basic control law until now. Due to the flexibility of software system, the digital PID algorithm accomplished by micro-computer is further revised and improved. There are many types of PID control algorithm, different applications need different algorithms. This paper only study integral separation of PID control algorithm simply. The results prove that the integral separation PID algorithm is better than the conventional PID algorithm in some certain occasions. keyword：; PID regulator; Integral Separation 目 录 摘 要 I Abstract II 第一章 引 言 1 1.1 PID控制器的现状 1 1.2 PID控制器设计方法回顾 2 1.3 设计PID控制器应考虑的问题 2 第二章 常规PID控制器 3 2.1 控制器的基础知识 3 2.1.1 比例作用 3 2.1.2 积分作用 4 2.1.3 微分作用 4 2.2 模拟PID调节器 4 2.3 数字PID控制算法 5 2.3.1 位置式PID控制算法 5 2.3.2 增量式PID控制算法 6 2.4 数字调节器的整体设计 7 2.4.1 功能和要求 7 2.4.2 整体结构设计 8 第三章 硬件设计 9 3.1 单片机 9 3.1.1 单片机的发展概况 9 3.1.2 单片机AT89C51 9 3.2 A/D转换电路设计 11 3.3 D/A转换电路设计 13 3.4 复位电路设计 15 3.5 键盘电路设计 16 3.6 显示电路设计 16 3.6.1 LED数码管 16 3.6.2 显示电路 17 第四章 软件设计 20 4.1 软件流程介绍 20 4.2 数字滤波 22 4.3 标度变换 23 4.4 偏差处理 24 4.4.1 较大偏差处理 24 4.4.2 较小偏差处理 24 4.5 不完全微分的PID算法设计 25 4.6 积分分离算法设计