打造和培育核心竞争力经典实用课件：问题处理地8D步骤.ppt

Page * of 110 4.整理改善对策方案,详细考虑各方案优缺点,再予过虑,评价,建立共识以决定最佳方案. 5.以上对策方案,直呈请主管核定后据以实施. Page * of 110 D6: Implement and Validate Permanent Corrective Action 永久改善行动的对策实施与效果确认 **请勿以此步确认D3的有效性 具体实施方案完成後,即须按决定的方案去实施每项改善案,并尽量以分工合作的方式在限制的期限内完成. Page * of 110 在每一项的对策展开中,还是要依P-D-C-A的旋轉,须收集数据随时掌握实施动態,确认每一对策的效果,假如效果不佳时,亦可修定对策,再重新执行. 将之标准化,并纳入FMEA. Page * of 110 效果确认需比较改善前后 方法有: 1.推移图 2.柏拉图 3.管制图 4.雷达图 以统计方法验证效果的显著与不显著  以统计手法验证之 Page * of 110 过程较简易. EG.1.SHOTDOWN. 2.暂时加强检验水平.. P (D6) A C (D6) D (D6) 过程较复杂 .(模拟+中长期追踪确认) 例::规范SOP . P (D3) A C (D3) D (D3) D3和D6的PDCA的差异 Page * of 110 D7: Prevent Actions(避免再发生) 指文件更新,要有以下两种文件 1.实际作业规範.程序及制程来避免此问题及其他相关问再发生, 2.并将之纳入质量作业操作系统及推廣,如: FMEA或General Rule文件 Page * of 110 D7: Systematic Prevent Recommendations 修正管理系统 针对现有的作业或系统做修正 另寻解决对策所替换的系统 Page * of 110 8D如何纳入知识管理体系 8D FMEA Positrol Plan OCAP TCM Form Process Control TECN: Containment Action ECN: Permanent Action D3 D7 D6 Part Function Process Function Potential Failure Mode Severity Potential Effect(s) of Failure Classif. Occurrence Potential Cause(s)/Mechanism(s) of Failure Current process Controls Detection 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 The section of the FMEA form duplicated above has several logic traps that cause teams to get confused and go off track.Follow this guide if your team is confused. 1.Design FMEA Be sure to list all part functions and engineering specifications. Process FMEA Be sure to list all process functions and requirements. 2.Failure modes occur in two major ways: ?Complete failure (fails to function). ?Partial failure (Intermittent;Overperformance;Degrades over time faster than specified.) 3. Effects are all the downstream consequences of the failure mode. 4. Severity measures the seriousness of the effects. 5..Note critical or significant characteristics in the Classification column. 6. In this process,Causes create failure modes,not effects. 7.Occurrence is the measure of the cause. 8. Current Design/Proc