磷肥的施用对羽衣甘蓝抗寒性的影响吴崇行.doc

PAGE  PAGE 6 磷肥的施用对羽衣甘蓝抗寒性的影响 吴崇行 （延津县农业局石婆固区域站） 摘要：本试验以羽衣甘蓝为试验材料，利用单因素（磷肥用量）对比试验设计方法，研究磷肥的用量对羽衣甘蓝抗寒性的影响。试验结果表明：随磷肥用量的增加，组织含水量下降，束缚水的相对含量提高，自由水/束缚水的比例下降，减少了细胞结冰的可能性；作为细胞间的重要保护性物质，可溶性糖的含量升高，则降低冰点；细胞膜透性逐渐降低，使细胞膜结构稳定性增强，减少低温的伤害；丙二醛含量不断降低，抑制了膜脂过氧化，减少了对细胞的毒害，提高了膜保护系统的活性。所以，增施磷肥可以提高羽衣甘蓝的抗寒性，其中2.8g/株处理效果最明显。 关键词：羽衣甘蓝，磷肥用量，抗寒性，影响 Effects of Using Phosphorus on Cold Resistance of Kales WU Chong-hang (Shi Po fixed station area agriculture YanJinXian) Abstract：The experiment used kales as materials, performed the method of single-factor comparative to study the effect of phosphorus on cold resistance of kales. In the rosette stage, the physiological indicators of change including the different kales leaf tissue water content, soluble sugar content, membrane permeability, MDA cold hardiness etc were tested to study the effect of phosphorus on cold resistance of kales. The amount of phosphorus of four treaments were: 1.6g per plant, 2.0g per plant, 2.4g per plant, 2.8g per plant. The results showed : With the increasing amount of phosphorus, water content decreased, the bound water content grew up relatively, the ratio of free water / bound declined so that the possibility of cells freezing reduced; Being the important protective substances of cells , soluble sugar content increased, the freezing point lowered; membrane permeability gradually reduced and the cell membrane structure became even more unstable and the cold injury reduced ;the content of MDA had decreased and the lipid peroxidation of cells inhibited , and the toxicity of cell reduced, enhance the activity of protective membrane system. Therefore, the increased fertilization of P could improve the cold resistance of kales for example the effect of treatment that fertilized 2.8g to each plant was the most remarkable. Keywords：kales, phosphate concentration, cold resistance, impact 羽衣甘蓝是一种最接近甘蓝野生种的蔬菜或观叶植物,具有很高的观赏价值。在华东地带为冬季花坛的重要材料。其观赏期长，叶色极为鲜艳，在公园、街头、花坛常见用羽衣甘蓝镶边和组成各种美丽的图案，用于布置花坛，具有很高的观赏效果。同时羽衣甘蓝的维生素和矿物质含量特别丰