儿科英文课件化脓性脑膜炎.ppt

儿科英文课件化脓性脑膜炎第一页，共四十六页，2022年，8月28日 IntroductionBacterial meningitis is an inflammation of the leptomenings, usually causing by bacterial infection.Bacterial meningitis may present acutely (symptoms evolving rapidly over 1-24 hours), subacutely (symptoms evolving over 1-7days), or chronically (symptoms evolving over more than 1 week).第二页，共四十六页，2022年，8月28日 IntroductionAnnual incidence in the developed countries is approximately 5-10 per 100000. 30000 infants and children develop bacterial meningitis in United States each year. Approximately 90 per cent of cases occur in children during the first 5 years of life.第三页，共四十六页，2022年，8月28日 IntroductionCases under age 2 years account for almost 75% of all cases and incidence is the highest in early childhood at age 6-12 months than in any other period of life.There are significant difference in the incidence of bacterial meningitis by season. 第四页，共四十六页，2022年，8月28日 EtiologyCausative organisms vary with patient age, with three bacteria accounting for over three-quarters of all cases:Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus)Haemophilus influenzae (if very young and unvaccinated)Streptococcus pneumoniae ( pneumococcus)第五页，共四十六页，2022年，8月28日 EtiologyOther organisms Neonates and infants at age 2-3 months Escherichia coliB-haemolytic streptococciStaphylococcus aureusStaphylococcus epidermidisListeria monocytogenes第六页，共四十六页，2022年，8月28日 EtiologyElderly and immunocompromisedListeria monocytogenesGram negative bacteriaHospital-acquired infectionsKlebsiellaEscherichia coliPseudomonasStaphylococcus aureus第七页，共四十六页，2022年，8月28日 EtiologyThe most common organisms Neonates and infants under the age of 2monthsEscherichia coli Pseudomonas Group B StreptococcusStaphylococcus aureus 第八页，共四十六页，2022年，8月28日 EtiologyChildren over 2 monthsHaemophilus influenzae type bNeisseria meningitidisStreptococcus pneumoniaeChildren over 12 yearsNeisseria meningitidisStreptococcus pneumoniae第九页，共四十六页，2022年，8月28日 EtiologyMajor routes of leptomening infectionBacteria