汽车导航外文翻译中英.doc

Automotive navigation system An?automotive avigation system?is a?satellite navigation system?designed for use in?automobiles. It typically uses a GPS navigation device?to acquire position data to locate the user on a?road?in the units map?database. Using the road database, the unit can give directions to other locations along roads also in its database.?Dead reckoning?using distance data from sensors attached to the?drivetrain, a?gyroscope?and an?accelerometer?can be used for greater reliability, as GPS signal loss and/or?multipath?can occur due to?urban canyons?or?tunnels. Some sorts can be taken out of the car and used hand-held while walking. History Automotive navigation systems were the subject of extensive experimentation, including some efforts to reach mass markets, prior to the availability of commercialGPS. Most major technologies required for modern automobile navigation were already established when the microprocessor emerged in the 1970s to support their integration and enhancement by computer software. These technologies subsequently underwent extensive refinement, and a variety of system architectures had been explored by the time practical systems reached the market in the late 1980s. Among the other enhancements of the 1980s was the development of color displays for digital maps and of CD-ROMs for digital map storage. However, there is some question about who made the first?commercially available?automotive navigation system. There seems to be little room for doubt?that Etak?was first to make available a digital system that used map-matching to improve on?dead reckoning?instrumentation. Etaks systems, which accessed digital map information stored on standard cassette tapes, arguably made car navigation systems practical for the first time.[2]?However, Japanese efforts on both digital and analog systems predate Etaks founding. Steven Lobbezoo?developed the first commercially available satellite navigation system for cars. It was produced in Berlin fr