M 6 Unit1 Grammar and usage.ppt

1. Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures _____ in your mind instead of before your eyes.A. to form? ?? ?? ?? ?B. formC. forming? ?? ?? ?? D. having formed The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the ____.A. 20 dollars remained? ?? ?? ?? B. 20 dollars to remainC. remained 20 dollars? ?? ?? ?? ? D. remaining 20 dollars 【分析】答案选D。remain 是不及物动词，其过去分词无被动含义，用remaining (剩下的)作定语，修饰20 dollars。remaining 20 dollars =20 dollars left。 (3)过去分词作定语：及物动词的过去分词作定语，表示一个被动的、已完成的动作；不及物动词的过去分词作定语，只表示该动作已完成，不表示被动意义。单个过去分词作定语时大都放在被修饰的词语之前，过去分词短语作定语时一般放在被修饰的词语之后 。过去分词作定语，意义上接近一个定语从句。 The glass ____ by my son has been swept away. breaks B. broke C. broken D. being broken 解析：正确答案为C。the glass和 break构成了被动关系，所以需要用过 去分词来表示。此处也可以改成定语 从句：The glass which was broken by my son has been swept away. Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company, _____as 3M.A. knowing? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?B. knownC. being known? ?? ?? ?? D. to be known 解析：答案选B。因为the…company与know是被动关系，所以用过去分词短语作定语，known as 3M = which was known as 3M。 非谓语动词作宾语补足语： 在作宾语补足语时，不定式指将来发生的动作；-ing形式指正在进行的动作；过去分词形式所表示的动作则带有被动意味。一些习惯用法： (1)在感官动词(feel, listen to, hear, see, look at, watch, notice 等)和使役动词(make, let, have)后，要用不带 to 的不定式作宾补。但在这些动词的被动式后用作主语补足语的不定式要带 to。 Eg. They knew her very well. They had seen her grow up from childhood. They knew her very well. She had been seen to grow up from childhood. The boss made my grandfather work 10 hours a day. My grandfather was made to work for 10 hours a day. (2)在下列动词后用作宾语补足语的非谓语动词用不定式，即用于 vt. + sb/ sth + to do sth 的形式： advise, allow, ask, bear, beg, get cause, command, encourage, force expect, forbid, hate, intend, invite leave, mean, need, oblige, order permit, persuade, remind, teach tell, trouble, warn, wish… (3)感觉动词(see, hear, watch, observe, notice, feel, find, catch, look at, listen to等)后接-ing形式作宾补表示动作正在发生；接省略to的不定式时，表示动作的全过程。如： He