模块化模式下的汽车产业创新.pdf

摘 要 模块化是社会分工和协作不断深化的产物，是一种特殊的“分工—协作”形 式：模块化分解过程就是“分工” 的过程，模块化集中过程就是“协作” 的过程。 从现象上来看，模块化有三种主要表现形式：产品结构的模块化、产品生产过 程的模块化和组织的模块化；从本质上来讲，模块化可分为两种：产业活动过 程的模块化和产品结构的模块化。 模块化是一个历史范畴，其本身也在不断地演进和发展。模块化产业模式 是模块化发展到一定阶段的产物，其形成受到产品和生产模块化程度、市场范 围大小以及组织模块化等因素的影响，模块化模式下的产业链形态呈网络状。 汽车产品从诞生之日起就与模块化相伴随。汽车模块化产业模式是在整车 企业与零部件企业之间剥离、相互独立的基础上形成的。模块化产业模式的形 成，提高了整零企业彼此间的专业化分工程度。前者致力于整车开发、装配技 术、动力总成的开发和生产；后者承接了零部件的生产和研发任务，在专业化 生产的基础上实现大规模生产，满足整车企业的需要。目前，汽车产业模块化 模式主要有两种：以欧、美为代表的模式和以日、韩为代表的模式。两者各有其 优、劣势。 创新是一项系统工程，汽车产业创新应是以市场需求为导向，渗透产品、 过程和组织等各个方面的全面协同创新。 关键词：模块化、模块化产业模式、汽车产业创新 Abstract As the result of continuous development of social division of labor and cooperation, modularity is a special form of division of labor and cooperation: modular decomposition is the process of division, and modular integration is that of cooperation. From the phenomenon, there are 3 types of modularity: modularity of product structure, modularity of production process, and modularity of organization. Essentially speaking, there are two types of modularity: modularity of product structure and modularity of industry process. Modularity is a historical category, which itself is constantly evolving and developing. Modular Industry Model is the result of modularity development. Whether or not the model can be formed depends on the modular extent of product and production process, scale of market and modularity of organization, and so on. Under the model, the Industry Chain is a net-chain system. Automobile has been produced in modularity from its very beginning. Based on separating and dependence of Auto companies and Parts companies, modular model in Automobile Industry has been formed. Under the model, the extent of specialized division o