同等学力英语常用词辨析.doc

同等学力英语常用词辨析 1. significant, vital, serious, important significant表示该事物非常突出及有优越性，important较普通，强调某物值得重视，vital表示极其重要，生死攸关，serious表示严肃的重大的，与轻松相对。2. definite, explicit, specific definite是唯一能具有选择性的明确意见，不是A就是B，explicit必须是语言的，强调所有细节的清楚，specific是偏重于正确的描述而不做评价。3. affect, influence, impress, touch, move, strike affect通常指感情方面，它的宾语是物时，它包含着足以引起反应的刺激，有时包含一定的改变。 The slight change of weather can affect her delicate health 天气稍有变化就会影响她那脆弱而娇嫩的身体。 influce暗含对他人感情，思想以及行为的控制及左右的程度. Humanity is profoundly influenced by what you do.你的所作所为深刻地影响人类。 impress是指产生一种显著的，深刻的，通常是持久的效果。 The Tibetan landscape particularly impessed him.西藏的风光给他留下了非同寻常的印象。 touch通常是指激起一种温柔的反应，例如爱，感情或激情。 The tributes were fitting and touching。颂词恰如其分，感人至深（丹尼尔.卡利亚哥) move指深刻的情感效果，有时导致行动或具有进一步后果。 The account of her experiences as a refugee moved us to tears. strike暗含对刺激反应的强烈感情或心理力量，来自打击的根本含义 I was struck by the sudden change in his behavior。我对他行为的突变而感到震惊。 4. complex, complicated, intricate, involved complex暗示相关部分的关系 The composer transformed a simple folk tune into a complex set of variations。这位作曲家把一首简单的民歌小调改编成一首复杂的变奏曲。 complicated强调各部分之间的细微关系 Middle Eastern politics is so complicated that even experts cannot agree on a cohesive policy.中东政治如此复杂以至于专辑们也难以制定出统一的政策。 intricate着重于各部分交织在一起很难区分或分析 involved强调若是把各部分混在一起将是难以区分的 The plot of the play has been criticized as being too involved这个剧本的情节因过于混乱而遭到了批评。 5. difference, dissimilarity, unlikeness, divergence, variation, distinction, discrepancy difference是最为普遍 dissimilarity是指在其他方面很相似或者非常类似的事物间的差异 a striking dissimilarity between the personalities of the sisters unlikeness经常暗含着较大和较明显的差别 more likeness than unlikeness among children of that age divergence是指原来相似的事物间逐渐增加的差异 points of divergence between British and American English variation是指相同等级或种类的差异，通常指原始的，指定的或典型的事物的变更。 variation in temperature distinction通常的意思为相似的或相关的事物间的细节差异，只能通过仔细的检查才能确定的。 the distinction in meaning between Good and Excellent discrepancy是指本应一致或匹配的事物，因意外条件而不一致，造成了事物间的差异 a discrepancy between what was promised and what wa