the australian paradox a substantial decline in sugars intake over the same timeframe that overweight and obesity have increased澳大利亚悖论大幅下降的糖摄入量在同一时间段,超重和肥胖增加了.pdf

Nutrients 2011, 3, 491-504; doi:10.3390/nu3040491 OPEN ACCESS nutrients ISSN 2072-6643 /journal/nutrients Article The Australian Paradox: A Substantial Decline in Sugars Intake over the Same Timeframe that Overweight and Obesity Have Increased Alan W. Barclay 1 and Jennie Brand-Miller 2,* 1 Australian Diabetes Council, 26 Arundel Street, Glebe, NSW 2037, Australia; E-Mail: awbarclay@.au 2 School of Molecular Bioscience and Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition and Exercise, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: j.brandmiller@.au; Tel.: +61-2-9351-3759; Fax: +61-2-9351-6022. Received: 4 March 2011; in revised form: 14 April 2011 / Accepted: 19 April 2011 / Published: 20 April 2011 Abstract: Ecological research from the USA has demonstrated a positive relationship between sugars consumption and prevalence of obesity; however, the relationship in other nations is not well described. The aim of this study was to analyze the trends in obesity and sugar consumption in Australia over the past 30 years and to compare and contrast obesity trends and sugar consumption patterns in Australia with the UK and USA. Data on consumption of sugar in Australia, the UK and USA were obtained from the Food and Agriculture Organization for the years 1980–2003. The prevalence of obesity has increased 3 fold in Australians since 1980. In Australia, the UK and USA, per capita consumption of refined sucrose decreased by 23%, 10% and 20% respectively from 1980 to 2003. When