双螺杆挤出机挤压系统设计.doc

双螺杆挤出机挤压系统设计 作者姓名：杨镜平 专业班级：2007060403 指导老师：付维 摘要 挤出成型是塑料制件的重要成型方法之一，在塑料的成型生产中占有重要的地位。大部分热塑性塑料都能用以挤出成型，管材、棒材、板材、薄膜、电线电缆和异型材等均能采用挤出成型方法成型。随着聚合物加工业的发展，对高分子材料成型和混合工艺提出了越来越多和越来越高的要求，单螺杆挤出机在某些方面就不能满足这些要求。例如：用单螺杆挤出机进行填充改性和加玻璃纤维增强改性等，混合分散效果就不理想。另外，单螺杆挤出机尤其不适合粉状物料的加工。为了适应聚合物加工中混合工艺的要求，特别是硬聚氯乙烯粉料的加工，双螺杆挤出机自２０世纪３０年代后期在意大利开发出来以后，经过半个多世纪的不断改进和完善，得到了很大的发展。在国外，目前双螺杆挤出机已广泛应用于聚合物加工领域，已占全部挤出机总数的４０％。硬聚氯乙烯粒料、管材、异型材、板材几乎都是采用双螺杆挤出机加工成型的。作为连续混合机，双螺杆挤出机已广泛用来进行聚合物共混、填充和增强改性，也有用来进行反应挤出。近２０年来，高分子材料共混和反应挤出技术的发展进一步促进了双螺杆挤出机数量和类型的增加。本文以啮合型平行异向旋转双螺杆挤出机挤压系统为研究对象，通过对挤压系统的研究来进一步更深入的了解挤出机挤压系统的构造及工作原理。 关键词：双螺杆挤出机；挤压系统；螺杆；研究；设计 Design of twin screw extruder Extrusion system Abstract: Plastic extrusion parts, one of the important forming methods, in the plastic molding production occupies an important position. Most thermoplastics can be used for extrusion, tubing, bars, sheets, film, wire and cable and can be used, such as profile extrusion molding method. Along with the polymer processing industrys development, proposed to the high polymer material formation and the mixing techniques are getting more and more and more and more high request, the single screw rod extruding machine cannot satisfy these requests in certain aspects. For example: Carries on the packing modification with the single screw rod extruding machine and adds the absafil modifiedly and so on, the mix dispersion effect is not ideal. Moreover, the single screw rod extruding machine does not suit the powdery material especially the processing. In order to adapt in the polymer processing the mixing techniques request, specially the hard polyvinyl-chloride powder lots processing, the double screw rod extruding machine from the late-1930s developed after Italy, passes through more than a half centuries unceasingly to improve and to consummate, obtained the very big development. In overseas, at present the double screw rod extruding machine has widely applied in the polymer processing domain, has accounted for the complete extruding machin