新版人教版八年级上英语3-4单元知识点.doc

Unit 3 I’m more outgoing than my sister. 1，比较级，最高级变化规则 一般在词尾+ er或est；以e 结尾的加r或st；重读闭音节双写辅音字母+ er或est；辅音字母+y结尾的，改y为i+ er或est；多音节词和部分双音节词，加more或most。 不规则变化见书本P114 2，比较级用法 基本句型：主语+be+比较级+than+比较对象 两者相比较用比较级 eg：Who do you think is more outgoing，Lily or Lucy？ Very，more，quite，so，too等修饰原级；much，a little，a lot，a bit，far ，even等修饰比较级 eg：I’m much/ a little / a lot / a bit /far more outgoing than my sister. I’m even worse now. 不能与人或事物自身相比较 eg：He is taller than any other student in his class. China is larger than any country in Africa. 比较对象要一致（that代替不可数名词，those代替可数名词复数，所有格，ones） eg：The weather in Harbin is much colder than that in Wuhan. The students of Class One study harder than those of Class Two. My bike is newer than Tom’s. 比较级中出现of the two/ twins结构时，adj比较级前要+the，不可用than Eg：Tom is the taller of the two brothers. “get/ become+ 比较级+and +比较级”表示“变得越来越……”（多音节或部分双音节用“more and more+原级） Eg: It gets warmer and warmer when spring comes. You’re getting more and more beautiful. “the+比较级……，the+比较级……”表示“越……，就越……” Eg: The more you exercise, the stronger you will be. “As…as”中间接原级，表示“与…一样”，否定为“not as/ so…as”表示“不如” Eg: He is as tall as his father. He is not as/ so tall as his father. “比较级+than”(more/ less +原级+than)与“not as/ so…as”可以互换 Eg: I’m taller than you. Chinese is more important than Biology. You’re shorter than me. Biology is less important than Chinese You’re not as/ so tall as me. Biology is not as/ so important as Chinese 比……大/多/长/宽几倍，用“主语+be+……times+比较级+than+比较对象” Eg: Our classroom is twice larger than yours. 重几斤，高几公分，大几岁……，用“主语+be+数量词+比较级+than+比较对象” Eg: I’m six years older than you. 3，loudly大声地，响亮地（多含噪音之意） aloud大声地，出声地（强调出声）read aloud call aloud for help loud大声地，高声地，常与speak，shout，laugh，talk连用 响亮的，大声的 loud voice 4，fast强调速度快 run/ drive fast quickly强调动作、行动快 soon 强调时间间隔短 5，competition体育，书法，朗读，音乐等比赛 match 体育竞技比赛，球类比赛 race 速度方面的竞赛，赛跑，赛龙舟等 6，win+比赛，奖项 beat+人，团队 7，ago 以前，用于一般过去时，放在一段时间后