退火炉温度控制系统 毕业设计.docx

 PAGE IV 摘 要 退火炉是金属热处理中的重要设备，而温度是退火炉的主要被控变量，是保证其产品质量的一个重要因素。因此，退火炉温度控制的稳定性和控制精度直接影响产品的质量。所以，本次毕业设计设计了基于单片机的退火炉温度自动控制系统，实现了温度的自动控制。 本控制系统是采用AT89S52单片机为核心，对退火炉温度和燃料流量进行实时监控。由按键设定温度初值，通过温度和流量传感器进行信号的采集，由AD574对其电压信号转换数字信号。通过AT89S52单片机和LCD1602液晶显示屏处理和实时显示相应的数据。当所有设定值设定结束后，通过DAC8420将数字信号转换成模拟信号驱动电动调节阀进行阀门大小的调节即流量调节，进而改变炉内温度，实现温度的自动控制。软件部分采用一种新型的智能控制方法，大林算法来控制系统的温度、流量。其最突出的优点是具有专门针对大滞后系统设计的算法。此算法具有消除余差、对纯滞后有补偿作用等特点，能够达到良好控制效果。 本系统实现了对退火炉的温度、燃料的流量进行实时监控。它不但工程造价较低、运行维护简单、运行费用低，而且是一种简便、可靠、经济、快速的退火方法。 关键词：退火炉；数据采集；大林算法；单片机 Abstract Annealing is an important metal heat treatment equipment, and annealing temperature is the main controlled variable to ensure the quality of their products. Therefore, the furnace temperature control stability and control accuracy directly affects the quality of products. So, this graduation project is designed based on single-chip furnace temperature control system to achieve automatic control of temperature. The MCU AT89S52 is used to the center of the control system , the annealing furnace temperature and fuel flow is real-timely monitered.Initial temperature is setted by the key.It is used the temperature transducer and flow transducer to aquire the signal .It is changed from the voltage signals to the digital signal by useing the AD574 .Processing and real-time display the corresponding data by useing the MCU AT89S52 and LCD1602 display . When the setting is completed all settings, the digital signal is converted by DAC8420 into an analog signal to drive the electric control valve is the valve flow control regulation of the size, thereby changing the furnace temperature, automatic temperature control. Software part uses a new type of intelligent control method to control the system Dahlin temperature, flow. Its most prominent advantage is a system designed specifically for large delay algorithms. This algorithm has to eliminate residual error, there is compensation for pure lag effect and other characteristics, can achieve good control