体液疗法（Fluid therapy）.doc

体液疗法（Fluid therapy） [attachment = 692] Pediatric diarrhea liquid therapy of the third hospital of sun yat-sen university Humoral is the main component of human body, its quantity, distribution and the relative constant of electrolyte composition are important conditions for the maintenance of life. Water and electrolyte balance are regulated by the neural and endocrine glands and are performed by a series of biochemical interactions between the cell and the environment. The dramatic changes in disease, trauma, and environment can disrupt these relative balances and change the amount, distribution, and electrolyte composition of body fluids. Liquid therapy is the treatment of the fluid by properly entering the appropriate quality and quantity of liquid I. characteristics of fluid balance in children: (a) humoral balance Table 1 fluid distribution of different ages (% of weight) Intracellular fluid intracellular fluid Interplasma fluid Newborn 6 3735 78 1y, 5, 25, 40, 70 2 ~ 14y, 5, 20, 40, 65 Adult 5, 10 ~ 15, 40 ~ 45, 55 ~ 60 1. The exchange of water and electrolyte requires more Baby 120 ml/kg. 3 d Adult 40 ml/kg. D 1 2. The exchange rate of water is high Infant 1/2 extracellular fluid exchange Adult 1/5 extracellular fluid exchange Example: 1 year old adult 9 (kg)? 150 ml = 1350 1 60 (kg)? 40 = 2400 1 __ __ 9000? 0.3 = 2700 2 60000? 0.2 = 12000, 5 3. The extracellular liquid phase is large and is not constant. (2) electrolyte balance ? The electrolytes of fluids make up a child similar to that of an adult ? Electrolytes are important for human life, and the electrolyte balance is closely related to the water balance. ? According to the law of electric neutralization, the total amount of anions with negative charge must be equal to positively charged cation. (3) the osmotic pressure balance (such as the isotensibility of the solution) is shown in table 2 Table 2 total plasma tension Cationic mEq/L mOsm/L anion mEq/L mOsm/L Na + 142 142 HCO3-27 27 K + 5 5 CI - 103 1