毕业设计论文基于AT89C51单片机的步进电机控制系统设计与实现.doc

摘要 步进电机是一种将输入的电脉冲信号变换为阶跃性角位移或直线位移的电机,既给一个脉冲信号,电机就转动一个角度或前进一步,故而又称为脉冲电机。它输出的角位移与输入的脉冲数成正比,转速与脉冲频率成正比。步近电机必须与驱动器、控制器配套使用才能完成工作要求。57BYG350A型号的步进电机，与其配套的驱动器型号为MS-3H057M系列驱动器。采用AT89S51单片机对步进电机进行控制，通过4×4矩阵键盘对步进电机的状态进行控制，采用LED数码管来显示步进电机的运行步数和运行速度。 关键字：步进电机，AT89C51，硬件接口电路，软件模块Tread into the electrical engineering(The Stepping Motors) is a kind of electricity pulse signal transformation that will input to jumps sex? Cape move or the straight line to move for the rank of electrical engineering, since give a pulse signal, the electrical engineering turns to move an angle or fronts further, hence be called the pulse electrical engineering again.Its outputs ?Cape move with the importation of pulse the number becomes the direct proportion, turning to become the direct proportion with the pulse frequency soon.Tread the near electrical engineering must then can complete the work request with actuator, the controller kit usage. The design of both hardware circuit design, including software design. One major hardware circuit design circuit has a keyboard, serial show circuit, the driver circuit. Software Design main main program, keyboard scanning routines, serial display routines and routines, and so delayed. 57 BYG350A hardware design using models of stepping motor, instead of supporting the drive models for MS-3H057M series drives. AT89S51 microcontroller used to stepping motor control, through the 4 × 4 matrix keyboard on the status of stepping motor control, the use of LED digital display of the stepping motor running steps and speed. Keyword: stepping motor，AT89S51, Hardware circuit, Software module 1 绪论 1.1 课题背景 步进电机是一种将电脉冲转化为角位移的机电执行元件，每外加一个控制脉冲,电机就运行一步故称为步进电机或脉冲马达。通俗一点讲:当步进电机接收到一个脉冲信号,它就驱动步进电机按设定的方向转动一个固定的角度(步进角)可以通过控制脉冲个数来控制角位移量,从而达到准确定位的目的。同时可以通过控制脉冲频率来控制电机转动的速度和加速度,从而达到调速的目的。 步进电机具有转子惯量底，定位精度高，无累积误差，控制简单等特点。实际操作时不受电源电压，负载，环境，温度的影响能够实现快速启动、制动和反转。步进电机可以对旋转角度和转动速度进行高精度控制步进电机作为控制执行元件,是机电一体化的关键产品之一,广泛应用在各种自动化控制系统和精密机械等领域。随着微电子和计算机技术的发展,步进电机的需求量与日俱增,在各个国民经济领域都有应用。随着数字技术和计算机