年产20万吨工业合成氨造气工段工艺设计论文.doc

毕业设计（论文） 年产20万吨合成氨造气工段工艺设计 姓 名：张宇 学 号： 专 业：化学工程与工艺 系 别：化学工程系 指导教师：许晓娟 讲师 2016年5月 PAGE i 摘 要 本设计是年产能力为20万吨合成氨造气工段（半水煤气）的工艺设计，造气工段是获得合成气的首要工段。本设计首先简单介绍了合成氨工业，阐述了煤气化的发展历程和方法。介绍了半水煤气的定义和制气原理，以及常见的生产方法和工艺流程。结合我国合成氨现状及生产成本综合考虑，本设计采用常压固定床间歇制气法, 块煤送入造气炉制气，工艺流程选择利用吹风气持有热和上行煤气显热的流程。通过查阅相关文献和设计资料对工艺环节进行了相关计算，先对煤气发生炉的的吹风阶段、制气阶段和总过程进行了物料衡算和热量衡算，从而确定了煤气炉的型号，并对废热锅炉和鼓风机进行了相关计算和选型。 关键词：造气；合成氨；半水煤气 PAGE ii ABSTRACT The instructions is the design of the annual production capacity of 300,000 tons of synthetic ammonia syngas production (semi-water gas) process design, syngas production is the primary section to obtain syngas. First, a brief introduction to the design of synthetic ammonia industry, describes the history and development of coal gasification methods. Introduces the definition and principles of semi-water gas gas, as well as common production methods and processes. Considering the current situation of our country and costs of ammonia production, atmospheric fixed bed intermittent method is used in this design, lump coal into gas furnace gas, rocess Blown holders the option of using heat and sensible heat of the gas flow upstream. The gasification process of the design has been calculated through accessing to relevant documents and design information, first , material balance and heat balance has been calculated for gas furnace blower stage gas phase and the total process in order to determine the gas stove models, and waste heat boilers and blowers for the relevant calculation and selection. KEYWORDS：synthesis ammonia;gas making;semi-water gas 目 录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z HYPERLINK \l _Toc 摘 要 PAGEREF _Toc \h i HYPERLINK \l _Toc ABSTRACT PAGEREF _Toc \h ii HYPERLINK \l _Toc 目 录 PAGEREF _Toc \h iii HYPERLINK \l _Toc 1绪论 PAGEREF _Toc \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc 2合成氨造气概况 PAGEREF _Toc \h 2 HYPERLINK \l _Toc 2.1合成气原料的选择 PAGEREF _Toc \h 2 HYPERLINK \l _Toc 2.2制水煤气工艺的发展历史 PAGEREF _Toc \h 2 HYPERLINK \l _Toc 2.3国内外煤气化技术的发展趋势 PAGEREF _Toc \h 3 HYPERLINK \l _