1986-2002历年考研英语真题完美阅读翻译版.doc

1986 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 Text 1 There are a great many careers in which the increasing emphasis is on specialization. You find these careers in engineering, in production, in statistical work, and in teaching. But there is an increasing demand for people wh o are able to take in great area at a glance, people who perhaps do not know too much about any one field. There is, in other words, a demand for people who are capable of seeing the forest rather than the trees, of making general judgments. We can call th ese people “ generalists. ” And these “ generalists ” are particularly needed for positions in administra where it is their job to see that other people do the work, where they have to plan for other people, to organize other people?s work, to begin it and judge it. The specialist understands one field; his concern is with technique and tools. He is a “ trained man;” and his educational background is properly technical or professional. The generalist -- and especially the administrator -- deals with people; his concern is with leadership, with planning, and with direction giving. He is an “ educated ” humanities are his strongest foundation. Very rarely is a specialist capable of being an administrator . And very rarely is a good generalist also a good specialist in particular field. Any organization needs both kinds of people, though different organizations need them in different proportions. It is your task to find out, during your training period, into which of the two kinds of jobs you fit, and to plan your career accordingly. Your first job may turn out to be the right job for you -- but this is pure accident. Certainly you should not change jobs constantly or people will become suspicious of your ability to hold any job. At the same time you must not look upon the first job as the final job; it is primarily a training job, an opportunity to understand yourself and your fitness for being an employee. 26.There is an increasing demand for ________. all ro