五种基本的句子结构.ppt
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英语中五种基本的句子结构
CONTENTS
Introduction
Some Related Information
Basic Sentence Patterns
Conclusion
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Introduction
英语句子长短简繁不一,表面上似乎难以捉摸,但可以从实质上发现其内在联系,找出其共同规律。即可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。
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Some Related Information
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Some Related Information
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Some Related Information
S=Subject(主语);
V=Verb(谓语动词);
P=Predicative(表语);
O=Object(宾语);
INO=Indirect Object(间接宾语);
DO=Direct Object(直接宾语);
OC=Object Complement(宾语补足语)
Basic Sentence Patterns
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句型一: S+V (主+谓+状语)
句型二: S+V+P (主+系+表)
句型四: S+V +o +O (主+谓+间宾+直宾)
句型三: S+V+O (主+谓+宾)
句型五: S+V +O +C (主+谓+宾+宾补)
Basic Sentence Patterns
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E.g:Birds fly.
主 谓
特点:谓语动词是不及物动词,本身能表达完整的意思,后面不需跟宾语,但有时可跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等在句中作状语成分。
如: He runs in the park.
主 谓 地点状语
Basic Sentence Patterns
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E.g.:The food smells delicious.
主 系 表
特点:句子谓语动词不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做(连)系动词。
Basic Sentence Patterns
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系动词可分四类:
1)be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用,后可接动词外的任何词;
2)感官动词类: look, feel, smell, taste, sound等;
3)表示变化:get, grow, become, turn, go等;
4)表示状态延续:stay, keep, remain, stand等。
Basic Sentence Patterns
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S
V(系动词)
P
1. This
2. The dinner
3. He
4. Everything
5. He
6. The weather
7. His face
is
smells
feels
looks
is
becomes
turned
an English-Chinese dictionary.
delicious.
happy.
different.
tall and strong.
warmer.
red.
Basic Sentence Patterns
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E.g.:He hopes to fly to the moon.
主 谓 宾
特点:谓语动词都是实义动词,但不能表达完整的意思,必须跟宾语,即动作的承受者,才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词(vt.)。
Basic Sentence Patterns
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1)只能用不定式作宾语的常见动词:want,hope,wish,would like,decide,agree,ask,wait等;
2)只能用动名词作宾语的常见动词:mind,enjoy,keep,finish,cant help等;
3)既能用不定式又能用动名词作宾语,且有区别的常见动词:remember, forget, stop, go on, try
4)既能用不定式又能用动名词作宾语,且无区别的常见动词:begin,start,like,love,hate等。
Basic Sentence Pa
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