汽车结构)中英文详解.ppt

Automobile basic construction汽车构造基础 Automobile components What’s the main parts of an automobile? 汽车主要包括哪几部分呢？ Body Steering Engine + Gear box Braking Power train Electrical system Chassis Automobile components Suspension Today’s average car contains more than 15,000 separate, individual parts that must work together. These parts can be grouped into four major categories: body, engine, chassis and electrical equipment 。 现在的车辆一般都由 15000多个分散、独立且 相互配合的零部件组成。 这些零部件主要分为四类 ：车身、发动机、底盘和 电气设备。 Automobile components The engine acts as the power unit. The internal combustion engine is most common: this obtains its power by burning a liquid fuel inside the engine cylinder. There are two types of engine: gasoline and diesel 1.Engine 发动机作为动力设备，常见的类 型是内燃机，其原理是通过发动机 缸内的液体燃料燃烧而产生能量。 发动机可分为两类：汽油机和柴油机 1.1The basic performance principle of four-stroke gasoline engine 四冲程汽油机基本工作原理 1.Engine 1.Intake stroke 吸气行程 2.Compression stroke 压缩行程 3.Working stroke 做功行程 4.Exhaust stroke 排气行程 1.2Engine Overall Mechanics 发动机总体构造 1.Engine The engine has hundreds of other parts . It includes two mechanism,six systems，they are 1.crank mechanism 2.valve train 3.intake system 4.ignition system 5.cooling system 6.lubrication system 7.exhaust system Each of these systems has a definite function. These systems will discussed in detail next. 发动机有上百个零部件，发动机是由两个机构和五大系统组成的，他们分别是曲柄连杆机构，配气机构，进气系统，点火系统，冷却系统，润滑系统，和排气系统。每个系统都有一定的功能。这些系统将在下面详细讨论。 1.2.1 crank mechanism 曲柄连杆机构 Crank mechanism is the main moving parts of the engine ,it helps engine complete operating cycle and energy conversion. 曲柄连杆机构是发动机实现工作循环，完成能量转换的主要运动部分。 1.Engine Crank mechanism includes Body group机体组: cylinder block, cylinder head, gasket,crankcase, cylinder liners and oil pan气缸体，气缸盖、气缸垫、曲轴箱、汽缸套及油底壳 1.Engine Piston rod Group: pistons, piston rings, piston pins, connecting rods活塞连杆组：活塞、活塞环、活塞销、连杆 1.Engine Crankshaft Flywheel Group: crankshaft, flywheel, torsional damper, balancer曲轴飞轮组：曲轴、飞轮、扭转减振器、平衡轴 1.