医学阅读理解练习.pdf

Thecommoncoldistheworldsmostwidespreadillness，whichisplagues（疫病）

thatfleshreceives.Themostwidespreadfallacy（谬误）ofallisthatcoldscaused

bycold.Theyarenot.Theyarecausedbyviruses（病毒）passingonfromperson

toperson.Youcatchacoldbycomingintocontact，directlyorindirectly，with

someonewhoalreadyhasone.Ifcoldcausescolds，itwouldbereasonabletoexpect

theEskimostosufferfromthemforever.Buttheydonot.Andinisolatedarctic

regionsexplorershavereportedbeingfreefromcoldsuntilcomingintocontactagain

withinfectedpeoplefromtheoutsideworldbywayofpackagesandmaildroppedfrom

airplanes.DuringtheFirstWorldWarsoldierswhospentlongperiodsinthetrenches

（战壕），coldandwet，showednoincreasedtendencytocatchcolds.IntheSecond

WorldWarprisonersatthenotoriousAuschwitzconcentrationcamp（奥斯维辛集中

营），nakedandstarving，wereastonishedtofindthattheyseldomhadcolds.At

theCommonColdResearchUnitinEngland，volunteerstookpartinExperimentsin

whichtheygavethemselvestothediscomfortsofbeingcoldandwetforlongstretches

oftime.Aftertakinghotbaths，theyputonbathingsuits，allowedthemselves

tobewithcoldwater，andthenstoodaboutdrippingwetindraftyroom.Somewore

wetsocksalldaywhileothersexercisedintherainuntilclosetoexhaustion.Not

oneofthevolunteerscamedownwithacoldunlessacoldviruswasactuallydropped

inhisnose.If，then，coldandwethavenothingtodowithcatchingcolds，why

aretheymorefrequentinthewinter？Despitethemostpains-takingresearch，no

onehasyetfound