无刷直流电机单片机控制系统设计.doc

学号： 常 州 大 学 毕业设计（论文） （2012届） 题 目 无刷直流电机单片机控制系统设计 学 生 学 院 专业班级 校内指导教师 专业技术职务 二○ The design of the brushless DC motor controlled by Single-chip Abstract：Brushless dc motor uses semiconductor power switch device (the transistor, the MOSFET, IGBT, IPM), the hall element, photosensitive components ects for position sensor instead of a brush of dc motor commutator and replaces mechanical commutation with the brush part of the electronic commutation, so as to enhance the reliability. Its outside characteristics is similar to a dc motor wih brush. The working principle and motor driving circuit principle of the driver is mainly described in the paper. Using single chip microcomputer to controls the pulse width to achieve the purpose of variable speed, the motor can run in the right direction and the speed what we have determined through the control on the bridge of the three-phase motor road opening sequence and time. This paper is to design and demonstrate peripheral hardware circuit of the brushless DC motor drives, including power drive circuit, the keyboard driver circuit and so on, it also completed the design of the system application software. Experimental results show this drive scheme can drive BLDC long-time, stable and effectively. Keywords: BLDC ,SCM ,commutation 目 录 摘要 I Abstract II 目 录 III 1 绪论 1 1.1 本文研究的意义及主要内容 1 1.2 无刷直流电机及其控制技术的发展 1 1.3 本文主要内容安排 2 2 三相无刷直流电机系统结构及工作原理 4 2.1电机的分类 4 2.2 无刷直流电机特点 4 2.3 无刷直流电机的组成 5 2.4 基本工作原理 6 2.5 无刷直流电机参数 6 2.6 三相无刷电动机主电路及工作方式 7 3 无刷直流电机的微机控制 12 3.1 三相直流电机全桥驱动原理 12 3.2 脉宽调制控制方式 12 4 无刷直流电动机控制系统设计 15 4.1 单片机和驱动芯片的选择 15 4.2 单片机的特点 15 4.3 LM621的特点 17 4.4 起动电流的限制 20 4.5 正反转的控制 20 4.6 单片机控制LM621 21 5 软件部分 23 5.1 本系统程序组成及流程图 23 6 调试记录 26 结束语 27 参考文献 28 致谢 29 附录一 30 附录