各种状语从句的用法.doc
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各种状语从句的用法
1 时间状语从句:
(1)When引导的时间状语从句,表示主句谓语动词与从句谓语动词是同时发生的,或从句的动作发生在主句的动作稍前一点,when从句表示“一段”时间或“一点”时间。
When my cousin came yesterday , I was playing volleyhall.
昨天我表哥来时,我正在打排球。(came是一般过去时,表示时间点,was playing 表示一段时间,两个动作是同时发生的。)
我今天早上起床时,感到不舒服。(两个动作同时发生,都是一般过去时。)
when the air moves , it is called wind.
空气流动时,就产生风。(moves和is called 是同时发生。)
when he opened the door , he saw a girl sitting at the desk reading .
当他打开门时,他看见一个女孩正坐在书桌前看书。(opened发生在saw稍前一点,都用一般过去时。)
when I arrive home , I shall telephone you.
我到家时,将打电话告诉你。
(2) before引导的时间状语从句所表示的动作,发生在主句动作之后。如果强调主句动作的先完成,其谓语应用过去完成时,before引导的从句用一般过去时。如果不强调动作的先后,那么主句和从句的谓语用一般过去时。
he worked in Beijing before he came here.
他来这里之前在北京工作。(worked发生came在之前,但不强调先后,故用一般过去时。)
He had already worked for five hours continuously before he took a rest.
在他休息之前,他已连续不断的工作了五个小时。
(强调主句had worked 的在前,故用过去完成时。)
I saw him before he left.
他离开前我见过他。(saw比left稍前一些,但不强调两者的 前后,所以都用一般过去时。)
She was at school before she became a barber.
当理发师之前她在念书。(was发生在前,became发生在后,但不强调先后,故用一般过去时。)
(3) after:用after引导的时间状语从句,所表示的动作发生在主句动作之前。如果强调动作的先后,after从句用过去完成时,主句用一般过去时,如果不强调先后而表示连续的动作,主句和从句用一般过去时。
after she finished her homework , she went to bed.
她完成了作业就去睡觉了。(表示一个动作接着一个动作,用一般过去时。)
This morning he got up early . he put on his clothes , washed his face , brushed his teeth and then had his breakfast.
After he had had breakfast he went to school.
(got, put on , washed , brushed ,had 都用一般过去时,因为是连续的动作。Had had 用过去完成时,因强调“吃饱”发生在went 之前。)
I shall write to you after I arrive in shanghai .
到上海后我将给你写信。(arrive这个动作先与shall write ,arrive 是以现在时代替将来时,不可改为shall arrive )
(4) while:用while引导的时间状语从句,强调主句的动作和从句的动作 在某一时间内同时发生,意为“在。。。期间,在。。。过程中“。while引导的时间状语从句只能表示一段时间,所以必须是可延续的动作。不能表示时间的点,所以不可也非延续性动词连用。
while they were having supper , I came to their home.
正当他们在吃饭时,我来到他们家。(were having是过去进行的动作,came是过去的一点动作。)
Father took care of the child while his wife was aw
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