神经元和神经胶质细胞-胶质细胞.ppt

Neuron:Supportingcells:CNS:neuroglia(glia)PNS:SchwanncellsandsatellitecellsFunctions:physicalsupportelectricalinsulationmetabolicexchangeblood-brainbarrierCompositionofNervousTissue

TypesandFunctionsofGliaNameofGlialCellFunctionAstrocyte(Astroglia)Star-shapedcellsthatprovidephysicalandnutritionalsupportforneurons:1)cleanupbraindebris;2)transportnutrientstoneurons;3)holdneuronsinplace;4)digestpartsofdeadneurons;5)regulatecontentofextracellularspaceMicrogliaLikeastrocytes,microgliadigestpartsofdeadneurons.Oligo-dendrogliaProvidetheinsulation(myelin)toneuronsinthecentralnervoussystem.SatelliteCellsPhysicalsupporttoneuronsintheperipheralnervoussystem.SchwannCellsProvidetheinsulation(myelin)toneuronsintheperipheralnervoussystem.

NeurogliaintheCNS

Abletoreplicate!ImportanceinnervoussystemfunctionisVASTLYunderestimated!Evidenceismounting:NurturingroleSignalingrole(Memory?)InflammationPainManymoretocome!Neuroglia:DistinguishingFeatures

PresenceoftightjunctionsbetweentheendothelialcellsOneofthenotablefeaturesofendothelialcellsincomparisontoothercellisthelackofpinocyticvesiclesSelectivepermeabilitytomoleculesbasedontheirmolecularweightandlipidsolubilityPresenceofspecificmarkersRichintwoenzymes:gammaglutamyltranspeptidase(GGTP)(foraminoacidtransport)andalkalinephosphatase(transportofphsopahteions)usedasmarkerforBBB.Others:glucosetransporter(GLUT-1);endothelialbarrierantigen(EBA;unknownfunction)andantigenrecognizedbytheMRCOX-47monoclonalantibody(importantforcell-to-celladhesion);transferrinreceptor(transportofferricions).PropertiesofBloodBrainBarriers

BBB

1.NeuronshaveTWOprocessescalledaxonsanddendrites.GlialcellsonlyhaveONE.2.NeuronsCANgenerateactionpotentials.GlialcellsCANNOT,however,dohavearestingpotential.3.NeuronsHAVEsynapses