毕业论文-浮头式换热器的计算机选型设计.doc

浮头式换热器的计算机选型设计 （南华大学化学化工学院化工工艺991班 祝岱燕） 指导老师：范明舫副教授 【摘要】在石油化工装置中,换热器占据着重要的位置。通常在化工厂的建设中，换热器约占总投资的10-20%换热设备，应用最广泛的是管壳式换热器。  本文从原理上较详细地阐述了传热速率和传热系数的计算方法与步骤，针对影响浮头式换热器换热的参数，用FORTRAN语言编写了换热器性能值（面积裕量系数、压降等）的程序。用正交表安排实验，使FORTRAN语言程序按正交表中的实验顺序运行。再用极差、方差分析了数据，甄选出了各影响因素的最佳水平，最终得到浮头式换热器的最佳参数组合。 【关键词】 正交实验设计 方差 极差 传热 Choose and Design the Appropriate Float Head Heat-exchanger by Using Computer Zhu Dai-yan Chemistry technology major 991 Nan Hua university Director teacher : Fan Ming-fang 【ABSTRACT】The heat exchanger has a important position among the other installations in petroleum and chemistry. Generally speaking, in the construction of the chemical factories, the investment in the heat exchanger is about ten percent to twenty percent .Among heat-exchange equipments. the tubular exchangers are the most widely used. With the appearance and popular of the computer, the study and development of production equipment come to a new period. In this paper ,the method and procedure to calculate the velocity and parameters of the heat exchange are explicated in theory .Aiming at the factors for the heat exchanger ,the program of calculating the heat exchanger’s function numeric (for example ,area, parameters of the heat exchange,the depress of the pressure, and so on) with fortran language .Then the experiment is arranged by orthogonal design of experiments .Make the fortran language of the procedure circulate by the sequence of the orthogonal design of experiments . Then the variance and variation method are used to analyse the data ,it selects the each factors best level ,finally the optimized group are obtained. 【KEYWORDS】 orthogonal design of experiment; variance; variation, heat exchanges. .前 言 换热器是在不同温度的流体间传递热能的装置，也称为热交换器。换热器是化工、石油、动力等许多工业部门的通用设备，在炼油、化工行业中尤为重要。特别应强调指出的是，此处所讨论的换热器均以传热为其主要过程，有一些工业用设备（例如，锅炉、制冷设备等）均不能认为主要过程是传热，因此也不属于本论文所讨论的范围。 在换热器中至少存在两种温度不同的流体，一种温度较高，放出热量；一种温度较低，吸收热量。在工程实践中有时会存在两种以上流体参加换热的换热器，但原理无本质区别。 随着我国工业的不断发展，对能源利用、开发和节约的要求不断提高，因而对换热器的要求也日益加强。特别是